Acute responses of circulating microRNAs to low-volume sprint interval cycling

Abstract

Low-volume high-intensity interval training is an efficient and practical method of inducing physiological responses in various tissues to develop physical fitness and may also change the expression of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs). The purpose of the present study was to examine whether miRNAs for muscle, heart, somatic tissue and metabolism were affected by 30-s intervals of intensive sprint cycling. We also examined the relationship of these miRNAs to conventional biochemical and performance indices. Eighteen healthy young males performed sprint interval cycling. Circulating miRNAs in plasma were detected using TaqMan-based quantitative PCR and normalized to Let-7d/g/i. In addition, we determined the levels of insulin-like growth factor-I, testosterone and cortisol, and anaerobic capacity. Compared to plasma levels before exercise muscle-specific miR-1 (0.12 ± 0.02 vs. 0.09 ± 0.02), miR-133a (0.46 ± 0.10 vs. 0.31 ± 0.06), and miR-133b (0.19 ± 0.02 vs. 0.10 ± 0.01) decreased (all P < 0.05), while miR-206 and miR-499 remained unchanged. The levels of metabolism related miR-122 (0.62 ± 0.07 vs. 0.34 ± 0.03) and somatic tissues related miR-16 (1.74 ± 0.27 vs. 0.94 ± 0.12) also decreased (both P < 0.05). The post-exercise IGF-1 and cortisol concentrations were significantly increased, while testosterone concentrations did not. Plasma levels of miR-133b correlated to peak power (r = 0.712, P = 0.001) and miR-122 correlated to peak power ratio (r = 0.665, P = 0.003). In conclusion sprint exercise provokes genetic changes for RNA related to specific muscle or metabolism related miRNAs suggesting that miR-133b and miR-122 may be potential useful biomarkers for actual physiological strain or anaerobic capacity. Together, our findings on the circulating miRNAs may provide new insight into the physiological responses that are being performed during exercise and delineate mechanisms by which exercise confers distinct phenotypes and improves performance.

A Review of Physical Activity and Circulating miRNA Expression: Implications in Cancer Risk and Progression

“…We have identified a total number of 16 studies in our review, which are displayed in Tables 1-3. Among these studies, 14 investigated c-miRNA expression in response to a single bout of exercise (48,49,(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76), and six (49,66,71,75,77,78) evaluated the impact of chronic exercise on c-miRNA expression.…”

“…Muscle-or cardiac-specific miRNAs. In healthy individuals, muscleor cardiac specific miR-1, miR-133, miR-206, miR-499, and miR-208 are expressed at low levels in the circulation, whereas miR-486 is generally found in higher concentrations (74,79). In response to PA, several studies have shown an increase in the circulating forms of miR-1, miR-133, miR-206, miR-208, and miR-499 immediately after the completion of various PA modalities (FITT; refs.…”

Regulation of Circulatory Muscle-specific MicroRNA during 8 km Run

“…MyomiR may play an important role in regulating the adaptation of skeletal muscles to exercise [11,24,26]. Several studies revealed that the three classic myomiR levels changed following full and half-marathon [15,16], low-volume high-intensity interval training [27] and eccentric and concentric exercise in circulation [28,29]. Our data demonstrate that three classic myomiR, including hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-133a-3p and hsa-miR-133b, can be released in significant quantities in response to 8 km run immediately after exercise while hsa-miR-206 decreased 24 h post-exercise.…”

MicroRNAs in Psychological Stress Reactions and Their Use as Stress-Associated Biomarkers, Especially in Human Saliva

“…This applies to the field of cancer (gastric and other cancers) [77], to the prognosis and progression of chronic lymphatic leukemia, to metabolic diseases, e.g. the detection of pre-diabetes, diabetes mellitus, and the assessment of the therapeutic response [78], but also to autoimmune diseases [79].…”