Adaptation, adhesion and invasion during interaction of Candida albicans with the host – Focus on the function of cell wall proteins

Hiller, Ekkehard; Zavřel, Martin; Hauser, Nicole; Sohn, Kai; Burger‐Kentischer, Anke; Lemuth, Karin; Rupp, Steffen

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2011.04.004

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The differences in the interaction of the three Candida species with the macrophages may be in part attributed to a different cell wall composition, whose role in the recognition by the phagocytes has been widely described [8], [15], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30]. It has been reported that the cell wall of C. glabrata harbors 50% more mannose and three times less chitin than C. albicans [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an In Vitro Model for the Multi-Parametric Quantification of the Cellular Interactions between Candida Yeasts and Phagocytes

2012

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We developed a new in vitro model for a multi-parameter characterization of the time course interaction of Candida fungal cells with J774 murine macrophages and human neutrophils, based on the use of combined microscopy, fluorometry, flow cytometry and viability assays. Using fluorochromes specific to phagocytes and yeasts, we could accurately quantify various parameters simultaneously in a single infection experiment: at the individual cell level, we measured the association of phagocytes to fungal cells and phagocyte survival, and monitored in parallel the overall phagocytosis process by measuring the part of ingested fungal cells among the total fungal biomass that changed over time. Candida albicans , C. glabrata, and C. lusitaniae were used as a proof of concept: they exhibited species-specific differences in their association rate with phagocytes. The fungal biomass uptaken by the phagocytes differed significantly according to the Candida species. The measure of the survival of fungal and immune cells during the interaction showed that C. albicans was the more aggressive yeast in vitro , destroying the vast majority of the phagocytes within five hours. All three species of Candida were able to survive and to escape macrophage phagocytosis either by the intraphagocytic yeast-to-hyphae transition ( C. albicans ) and the fungal cell multiplication until phagocytes burst ( C. glabrata, C. lusitaniae ), or by the avoidance of phagocytosis ( C. lusitaniae ). We demonstrated that our model was sensitive enough to quantify small variations of the parameters of the interaction. The method has been conceived to be amenable to the high-throughput screening of mutants in order to unravel the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction between yeasts and host phagocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an In Vitro Model for the Multi-Parametric Quantification of the Cellular Interactions between Candida Yeasts and Phagocytes

2012

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“…In addition, our previous results demonstrated that C. albicans Aft2 regulator evolves an important role in morphogenesis and virulence. The ability of adhesion to other cells and surfaces is considered as a remarkable feature of bacteria to offer protection from hostile environment [27], [53], [54]. Adhesion-mediated surface phenotypes are usually marked by cell-cell interactions (flocculation), cell-substrate recognition and adhesion (including plastic adherence and cell surface hydrophobicity) [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aft2, a Novel Transcription Regulator, Is Required for Iron Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Surface Adhesion and Hyphal Development in Candida albicans

Cheng

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Morphological transition and iron metabolism are closely relevant to Candida albicans pathogenicity and virulence. In our previous study, we demonstrated that C. albicans Aft2 plays an important role in ferric reductase activity and virulence. Here, we further explored the roles of C. albicans Aft2 in numerous cellular processes. We found that C. albicans Aft2 exhibited an important role in iron metabolism through bi-directional regulation effects on iron-regulon expression. Deletion of AFT2 reduced cellular iron accumulation under iron-deficient conditions. Furthermore, both reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were remarkably increased in the aft2Δ/Δ mutant, which were thought to be responsible for the defective responses to oxidative stress. However, we found that over-expression of C. albicans AFT2 under the regulation of the strong PGK1 promoter could not effectively rescue Saccharomyces cerevisiae aft1Δ mutant defects in some cellular processes, such as cell-wall assembly, ion homeostasis and alkaline resistance, suggesting a possibility that C. albicans Aft2 weakened its functional role of regulating some cellular metabolism during the evolutionary process. Interestingly, deletion of AFT2 in C. albicans increased cell surface hydrophobicity, cell flocculation and the ability of adhesion to polystyrene surfaces. In addition, our results also revealed that C. albicans Aft2 played a dual role in regulating hypha-specific genes under solid and liquid hyphal inducing conditions. Deletion of AFT2 caused an impaired invasive growth in solid medium, but an increased filamentous aggregation and growth in liquid conditions. Moreover, iron deficiency and environmental cues induced nuclear import of Aft2, providing additional evidence for the roles of Aft2 in transcriptional regulation.

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“…Recently, UTH1, SIM1 and SUN4 have also been described as secreted proteins, and their production was affected by the level of oxygen (Kuznetsov et al, 2013). In C. albicans , on the contrary, only two members of the SUN family have been identified, SUN41 and SUN42, both of which are involved in remodeling the cell wall and are essential for cell separation (Firon et al, 2007; Hiller et al, 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BcSUN1, a B. cinerea SUN-Family Protein, Is Involved in Virulence

Pérez‐Hernández

González

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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BcSUN1 is a glycoprotein secreted by Botrytis cinerea, an important plant pathogen that causes severe losses in agriculture worldwide. In this work, the role of BcSUN1 in different aspects of the B. cinerea biology was studied by phenotypic analysis of Bcsun1 knockout strains. We identified BcSUN1 as the only member of the Group-I SUN family of proteins encoded in the B. cinerea genome, which is expressed both in axenic culture and during infection. BcSUN1 is also weakly attached to the cellular surface and is involved in maintaining the structure of the cell wall and/or the extracellular matrix. Disruption of the Bcsun1 gene produces different cell surface alterations affecting the production of reproductive structures and adhesion to plant surface, therefore reducing B. cinerea virulence. BcSUN1 is the first member of the SUN family reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of a filamentous fungus.

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Adaptation, adhesion and invasion during interaction of Candida albicans with the host – Focus on the function of cell wall proteins

Cited by 26 publications

References 47 publications

Development of an In Vitro Model for the Multi-Parametric Quantification of the Cellular Interactions between Candida Yeasts and Phagocytes

Development of an In Vitro Model for the Multi-Parametric Quantification of the Cellular Interactions between Candida Yeasts and Phagocytes

Aft2, a Novel Transcription Regulator, Is Required for Iron Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Surface Adhesion and Hyphal Development in Candida albicans

BcSUN1, a B. cinerea SUN-Family Protein, Is Involved in Virulence

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