Adaptation and Growth Characteristics of Influenza Virus at 25° C

Hf, Maassab

doi:10.1038/213612a0

Cited by 256 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

122

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…FluMist, a LAIV that has been available since 2003 in the USA, is based on the MDVs A/Ann Arbor/6/60 and B/Ann Arbor/1/66, which were developed independently from the Russian MDVs but using the same strategy (Maassab, 1967). Both Ann Arbor-derived MDVs have been characterized, which identified the PB2, PB1 and NP genes of A/Ann Arbor/6/60, and the PA and NP genes of B/Ann Arbor/1/66, as playing a role in temperature sensitivity (Jin et al, 2003;Hoffmann et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PB2 and PA genes control the expression of the temperature-sensitive phenotype of cold-adapted B/USSR/60/69 influenza master donor virus

Kiseleva

Voeten²,

Teley³

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cold-adapted (ca) and temperature-sensitive (ts) influenza master donor virus (MDV) B/USSR/60/69 was derived from its wild-type parental virus after successive passages in eggs at 32 6C and 25 6C. This strain is currently in use for preparing reassortant influenza B vaccine viruses which are used in the Russian trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine. Vaccine viruses are obtained by classical reassortment of MDV and a currently circulating wild-type virus. The phenotypic properties cold adaptation and temperature sensitivity are inherited from the six genes encoding the internal proteins of the MDV. However, the role of the individual gene segments in temperature sensitivity and thus attenuation is not known. In this study, 35 reassortant viruses of B/USSR/60/69 MDV with current wild-type non-ts influenza B viruses were generated in eggs or MDCK cells and studied in order to identify the genes responsible for their ts phenotype. For each virus the exact genome composition was determined as well as its ts phenotype. The results demonstrated that the polymerase PB2 and PA gene segments of B/USSR/60/69 MDV independently controlled expression of the ts phenotype of B/USSR/60/69 MDV-based reassortant viruses. The other genes coding for internal proteins played no role in this respect. This suggests that mutations in the polymerase genes PB2 and PA play an essential role in attenuation of B/USSR/60/69 MDV-based reassortant influenza B vaccine viruses.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PB2 and PA genes control the expression of the temperature-sensitive phenotype of cold-adapted B/USSR/60/69 influenza master donor virus

Kiseleva

Voeten²,

Teley³

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Commercially available LAIV in North America are registered for use in humans and horses only. These LAIV are attenuated based on the incorporation of cold-adapted (ca) and/or temperature sensitive (ts) phenotypes into vaccine strains by recombination with a donor strain or by multiple passages of the vaccine strain at low temperatures (47)(48)(49). Several different experimental live attenuated SIV vaccines have been demonstrated to induce strong cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and humoral immunity, as well as cross-protection against homologous heterotypic and heterologous SIV isolates (11,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Eight-Segment Swine Influenza Virus Harboring H1 and H3 Hemagglutinins Is Attenuated and Protective against H1N1 and H3N2 Subtypes in Pigs

Mašić

Pyo

Babiuk

et al. 2013

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Swine influenza virus (SIV) infections continue to cause production losses in the agricultural industry in addition to being a human public health concern. The primary method of controlling SIV is through vaccination. The killed SIV vaccines currently in use must be closely matched to the challenge virus, and their protective efficacy is limited. Live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) provide strong, long-lived cell-mediated and humoral immunity against different influenza virus subtypes with no need for antigen matching. Here we report the generation of a new potential LAIV, an eight-segment SIV harboring two different SIV hemagglutinins (HAs), H1 and H3, in the genetic background of H1N1 SIV. This mutant SIV was generated by fusing the H3 HA ectodomain from A/Swine/Texas/4199-2/98 (H3N2) to the cytoplasmic tail, transmembrane domain, and stalk region of neuraminidase (NA) from A/Swine/Saskatchewan/18789/02 (H1N1) SIV. While this H1-H3 chimeric SIV, when propagated in vitro in the presence of exogenous neuraminidase, showed kinetics and growth properties similar to those of the parental wild-type virus, in vivo it was highly attenuated in pigs, demonstrating a great potential for serving as a dual LAIV. Furthermore, vaccination with the H1-H3 virus elicited robust immune responses, which conferred complete protection against infections with both H1 and H3 SIV subtypes in pigs.

show abstract

“…Five wild-type viruses used were A/Ann Arbor/6/6o(H2N2), A/Queensland/ 6/72(H3N2), A/Scotland]84o/74o(H3N2), A/Victoria/3/75(H3N2) and A/New Jersey/8/76 (HswlNI). Derivation of a cold-adapted, temperature-sensitive mutant from A/Ann Arbor/6/6o virus has been previously described in detail (Maassab, 1967). Derivation of a cold-adapted, temperature-sensitive virus AA-CR6 by recombination of wild-type A/Queensland/6/72 and the cold-adapted mutant A/Ann Arbor/6/6o has also been described (Maassab, 1975).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Studies of Wild-Type and 'Cold-Mutant' (Temperature Sensitive) Influenza Viruses: Genealogy of the Matrix (M) and Non-structural (NS) Proteins in Recombinant Cold-Adapted H3N2 Viruses

Kendal¹,

Cox²,

Murphy

et al. 1977

Journal of General Virology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe matrix (M) protein of the H2N2 virus A/Ann Arbor/6/6o may be distinguished from M protein of several H3N2 viruses and A/New Jersey/76 (HswINI) by SDS acrylamide gel electrophoresis using a discontinuous buffer system. The smallest RNA (RNA 8) of the A/Ann Arbor/6/6o virus may be distinguished from RNA 8 of several H3N2 viruses by acrylamide gel electrophoresis in 3 ~ or 3"6 gels in the absence of urea, if electrophoresis is done at 30 to 35 °C or 20 °C respectively. Ten clones of conditionally-lethal temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants were studied, which derived their cold-adaption and ts genes from mutant A/Ann Arbor]6/6o, and their haemagglutinin from the H3N2 virus A/Scotland/ 84o/74. Each clone was found to derive its M protein from A/Ann Arbor/6/6o mutant, and its RNA 8 from A/Scotland]84o/74. The only assignment of genes 7 and B consistent with these findings for the recombinants is that in each parent virus (and in the recombinants) gene 7 codes for M protein, and gene 8 for NS protein.

show abstract

Adaptation and Growth Characteristics of Influenza Virus at 25° C

Cited by 256 publications

References 5 publications

PB2 and PA genes control the expression of the temperature-sensitive phenotype of cold-adapted B/USSR/60/69 influenza master donor virus

PB2 and PA genes control the expression of the temperature-sensitive phenotype of cold-adapted B/USSR/60/69 influenza master donor virus

An Eight-Segment Swine Influenza Virus Harboring H1 and H3 Hemagglutinins Is Attenuated and Protective against H1N1 and H3N2 Subtypes in Pigs

Comparative Studies of Wild-Type and 'Cold-Mutant' (Temperature Sensitive) Influenza Viruses: Genealogy of the Matrix (M) and Non-structural (NS) Proteins in Recombinant Cold-Adapted H3N2 Viruses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About