Adaptation and multiplication of bacteria in host tissues

Griffiths, Elwyn

doi:10.1098/rstb.1983.0083

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Antigenic similarities between the receptor proteins of several E. coZi strains would help to explain why normal human sera from a range of sources contained antibodies to the 81 kDal protein of the test strains (Griffiths, 1983;Griffiths et al, 1985). The degree to which antibodies reacting with the iron-regulated outer membrane proteins, and specifically with the ferric enterobactin receptor, might be involved in host defence is unknown.…”

Section: H Chart a N D E Griffiths Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent results from this laboratory have shown that normal human adult sera contain naturally occurring IgG antibodies which react with the outer membrane proteins of E. coli (Griffiths, 1983;Griffiths et al, 1985). Interestingly, the major antigenic components recognized by these antibodies were the ompA proteins and the iron-regulated outer membrane proteins, including the enterobactin receptor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since these proteins have a high association constant for iron and are normally only partly saturated, they ensure that little free iron is available to invading micro-organisms. Consequently, pathogenic bacteria have evolved high-affinity uptake systems which can successfully compete with these iron-binding glycoproteins for essential ferric ions (Finkelstein et al, 1983 ;Griffiths, 1983). When Escherichia coli is placed in an iron-limited environment, several outer membrane proteins are derepressed and at least one high-affinity iron-chelating agent (siderophore) is synthesized (Neilands, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antigenic and Molecular Homology of the Ferric Enterobactin Receptor Protein of Escherichia coli

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Griffiths

1985

Microbiology

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The ferric enterobactin receptor protein (81 kDal) of Escherichia coli 0 1 11 was purified by preparative sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and used to raise polyclonal antiserum in rabbits. This antiserum was used in conjunction with the immunoblot technique to examine the degree of antigenic homology of the ferric enterobactin receptor protein among 17 pathogenic and laboratory strains of E. coli. Both the molecular weight and the antigenic properties of the enterobactin receptor were highly conserved. However, the laboratory strain C and a pathogenic enteroinvasive strain, E. coli 0164, were unusual in not producing the 81 kDal protein. The antiserum also recognized an 81 kDal protein from ironrestricted Salmonella typhimurium and an 83 kDal protein from iron-restricted Klebsiella pneumoniae.

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Section: H Chart a N D E Griffiths Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antigenic and Molecular Homology of the Ferric Enterobactin Receptor Protein of Escherichia coli

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Griffiths

1985

Microbiology

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“…Iron is essential for the growth of most bacteria, but in vertebrates this element is found complexed to high-affinity iron-binding proteins and is unavailable for bacterial use (6,12,18,27). Pathogenic bacteria capable of causing disseminated infections have thus evolved specialized iron assimilation systems to overcome this first line of the host defense mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of the iron uptake region of the Vibrio anguillarum plasmid pJM1: molecular cloning of genetic determinants encoding a novel trans activator of siderophore biosynthesis

1988

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Clones carrying the iron uptake region of the Vibrio anguillarum plasmid pJM1 were subjected to insertion mutagenesis, using transposon Tn3::HoHo1 which carries a promoterless lacZ gene and can thus generate lacZ transcriptional fusions if inserted downstream from an indigenous promoter. Four classes of insertion mutants were obtained based on the level of expression of components of the iron uptake system, and six genetic units were defined according to the phenotype of the mutants. Five of the six genetic units were crucial for biosynthesis of the siderophore anguibactin. Insertions in the remaining genetic unit led to an iron uptake-deficient phenotype and showed either reduced levels of the outer membrane protein OM2 as well as anguibactin activity or a complet shutoff of both OM2 and anguibactin biosyntheses. Analysis of beta-galactosidase production by cells carrying the lacZ fusion derivatives identified iron-regulated and constitutive transcriptional units as well as their orientation in the genetic units. Molecular cloning of pJM1 plasmid DNA noncontiguous to the iron uptake region also identified genetic determinants for a trans-acting factor required for full expression of anguibactin activity. Evidence obtained from bioassays, spectrophotometric measurements, and the lacZ fusion mutants suggested that the trans-acting factor is a novel activator of siderophore biosynthesis at the transcriptional level.

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“…The subject is reviewed frequently (Griffiths, 1991 ;Litwin & Calderwood, 1993). The subject is reviewed frequently (Griffiths, 1991 ;Litwin & Calderwood, 1993).…”

Section: ( D ) Growth In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Revival of Interest in Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenicity

Smith

1995

Biological Reviews

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1. After a long barren period, the study of bacterial pathogenicity is now one of the most popular subjects in microbiology. This is because bacterial diseases remain a major problem in public health despite the advent of antibiotics, and the subject is a fertile field for the application of genetics and molecular biology. 2. Pathogenicity is a multifactorial property. The biological requirements are abilities to: infect mucous surfaces; enter the host through those surfaces; multiply in the environment of the host; interfere with host defences; and damage the host. Each requirement has many facets all of which can be accomplished by a variety of processes. 3. The molecular determinants of the five requirements for pathogenicity can be identified and the relation between their structure and function obtained by a seven step procedure. Genetic manipulation and observations on organisms grown in vivo play major roles in this procedure. Other vital aspects are the availability of good animal models and the design of biological tests for virulence determinants in vitro that are pertinent to the situation in vivo. 4. A survey of the state of studies on bacterial pathogenicity has highlighted some areas of immense erudition and exposed others that need more attention in the future. Research is often at the highest level of molecular biology for: adherence to and entry of epithelial cells; interference with humoral and phagocytic defences; toxins; and direct induction of cytokines and inflammation. The major gaps are: the determinants of competition with commensals on mucous surfaces; spread into deeper tissues; the host supplied nutrients and metabolism underlying growth rate in vivo; the determinants of interference with the immune response in important chronic diseases and carrier states; the determinants of immunopathological reactions that cause damage in chronic disease; and the determinants of change from carrier to invasive state. Areas that are receiving some attention but are worthy of more are: moving through mucus to gain access to mucous surfaces; opportunistic infections; the determinants of mixed infections; and the determinants of host and tissue susceptibility to infection. 5. Current interest in the regulation of production of virulence determinants and the influence on it of environmental factors has raised speculation on the role these factors play in vivo. However, it has not yet provided much information on the host factors specifically involved in particular bacterial infections. The individualistic concept of community, as a relative latecomer to discussions of animal community, is sometimes misconstrued as holding that communities are random assemblages of organisms without biotic interactions among species. Nevertheless, it has increasingly been accepted as supported by studies of diverse taxa and habitats. However, many other ecologists continue to argue for integrated, biotically controlled and evolved communities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Adaptation and multiplication of bacteria in host tissues

Cited by 41 publications

References 67 publications

Antigenic and Molecular Homology of the Ferric Enterobactin Receptor Protein of Escherichia coli

Antigenic and Molecular Homology of the Ferric Enterobactin Receptor Protein of Escherichia coli

Genetic analysis of the iron uptake region of the Vibrio anguillarum plasmid pJM1: molecular cloning of genetic determinants encoding a novel trans activator of siderophore biosynthesis

The Revival of Interest in Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenicity

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