“…Synchronous motors have been driven by different conventional control techniques. [4][5][6] It has been a practice to assume constant mechanical load quantities in classical control design. Nevertheless, high-efficiency model-based conventional LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS: , mechanical angular velocity; i d , direct-axis electric current signal; i q , quadrature-axis electric current signal; u d , direct-axis stator voltage; u q , quadrature-axis stator voltage; L , load torque; t 0 , initial time; x, state vector of the synchronous motor; u, control input vector; f, vector function; J, inertia moment; b, viscous damping; R s , stator resistance; L d , direct-axis inductance; L q , quadrature-axis inductance; m , permanent-magnet magnetic flux; n p , number of pole pairs; 1 , output velocity signal; 2 , output electric current signal; ⋆ 1 , desired velocity reference trajectory; ⋆ 2 , desired electric current trajectory; e q , velocity tracking error; e d , electric current tracking error; z, state vector of tracking error dynamics; z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , components of the state vector z; V(z), Lyapunov function candidate; u ⋆ d u ⋆ q , reference trajectories of control inputs; y q , y d , control input gains;̃q,̃d, approximate values of control input gains; r, order of Taylor polynomial; q , d , uncertainty signals; P q,C , P d,C , closed-loop characteristic polynomials; i,j , control gains; in , initial velocity; , desired operating velocity; [t 1 , t 2 ], time interval of the Bézier motion planning; ⋆ , Bézier reference trajectory for angular velocity; A, B, Jacobian matrices of the linear mathematical model; x, equilibrium point in the state space; u, equilibrium control input vector; i d , i q , , ; x , u , state and control vectors of the linear model; control strategies commonly depend on accurate information of motor parameters.…”