Abstract-We have demonstrated in vivo three-dimensional imaging and estimated localized and quantitative hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO 2 ) of blood vessel by using a simple, easy to operate common-path Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. The common-path OCT system can be easily integrated with various surgical tools and we demonstrated its usefulness by imaging outer and inner intraocular tissues such as cornea and neurosensory retinal layers as well as detecting SO 2 level from a chicken embryo. The system uses 800nm near infrared broadband light sources and has axial resolution as low as 3μm in air. Self-adaptive scanning mechanism with real-time surface recognition and feedback control was also applied to the probe where the scanning probe tracks the sample surface variance and effective imaging depth was largely extended to the probe's free-moving range.
I. INTRODUCTIONOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is one optical tomography modalit in which ballistic photons are detected rather than projecting the noncoherent photons having diffuse reflection or transmittance for achieving three dimensional images. OCT has unprecedented resolution compared to other imaging modalities such as ultrasound, X-ray computed tomography (CT), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), because the axial (or longitudinal) resolution of OCT is determined by the coherence length of the source used which is inversely proportional to the source bandwidth [1].Unlike the conventional OCT systems that use Michelson Interferometers, this work is based on common-path Fourier-domain OCT (CP-FDOCT) which we believe is the one of the simplest, most versatile three dimensional imaging technique available and allows attachment of different kinds of probes [2]. This is possible since the scanning probe provides the reference and also serves as the transceiver. This configuration allows one to use arbitrary length of probe arm and also allows different probe attachments. Moreover, it doesn't have the problem of polarization and dispersion mismatch [3]. It is known that Fourier-domain (FD) systems are simpler, faster and better than that of time-domain (TD) systems since there is no need for mechanically A-scan. CP-FDOCT can be especially useful for ophthalmic applications [4], since the fiber optic probe can easily be integrated or attached to surgical tools and directly inserted into or placed in close proximity to the ocular tissues for image acquisition and surgical navigation for in-situ or in-vivo operation. Furthermore, the level of the hemoglobin (Hb) oxygen saturation (SO 2 ) can be easily obtained by measuring Hb and HbO 2 induced attenuation. Specifically, the SO 2 level was estimated from their spectral absorption characteristics by analyzing signal spectra [5]. Using this method, other groups have measured the SO 2 of human blood sample ex vivo [6] and in retina in vivo [7] in real time. Current OCT systems generally suffer from very limited imaging depth range of only 1~3mm, which restricts its clinical applicati...