Adaptive Urban Design Principles for Land Subsidence and Sea Level Rise in Coastal Area of Tambak Lorok, Semarang

Abstract

In recent years, the upward trend of sea level rise caused by climate change continues to increase. This condition threatens urbanization that occurs in urban areas, especially in coastal area. Coastal is a strategic location for various activities such as ports, recreation, fisheries and agriculture, but it is vulnerable to changes caused by community and natural activities. Semarang is one of the coastal city located in the north of Central Java. Dense and slum settlements are dominating the coastal area of Semarang, one of them is fisherman’s settlement in Tambak Lorok. This area has been undergoing land subsidence for a long time and is now threatened by sea level rise due to climate change. The purpose of this study is to formulate adaptive urban design principles on land subsidence and sea level rise in Tambak Lorok, Semarang. This study is carried out with qualitative method using the approach of research and development in building a formula that applies to the conditions formed by land subsidence and sea level rise. The design principles formulated from this study are general principles that serve as guidelines for designing coastal areas that adaptive to land subsidence and sea level rise. We believe, the adaptation of urban space can reduce the impact of the disaster and create a resilient coastal area to reduce the risk of natural-induced disasters.

Scenario‐based hydrodynamic simulation of adaptive strategies for urban design to improve flood resilience: A case study of the Mingzhu Bay Region, Guangzhou, Greater Bay Area

“…Redundancy in the green space may decrease excess precipitation generation, redundancy in waterways can lower water levels during rainstorms, redundancy in foundation elevation and relocation of manholes on sunken space can guide the surface flow to submerge urban land in a fair order and protect significant infrastructure. Many case studies have presented adaptive strategies (Akbar et al, 2019); however, this research uses simulation to demonstrate their usefulness. In comparison to other studies that are focused on the current situation, this study uses a well‐known hydrodynamic model to simulate various scenarios.…”

“…Mixed land use was used in buildings to promote flood resilience, with lower level functions having minimal sensitivity to urban inundation and narrow block shapes and perpendicular circulation paths to the coastline reducing damage by draining storm water. On the other hand, hard measures, such as elevated buildings and relocated buildings along the coastline, were taken to prevent buildings from subsiding, while soft measures, such as deep-rooted vegetation and stormwater injection into aquifers, were used to refill aquifers to slow the rate of land subsidence (Akbar, Poerbo, & Soedarsono, 2019). When dealing with sea-level rise and land subsidence, however, some strategies must be revisited.…”

Manajemen Risiko Bencana Hidroklimatologi untuk Ketahanan Kota di Semarang

“…Selain banjir, masalah sosial juga mulai meningkat di kota karena meningkatnya tekanan ekologis (Roberts & Yano, 2010). Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, dampak dari banjir berlipat ganda karena naiknya permukaan laut, erosi pantai, dan penurunan muka tanah (Akbar et al, 2019). Transformasi fisik yang cepat menimbulkan banyak tantangan lain termasuk tekanan regional yang kompleks (Rockefeller Foundation, 2015 (Agrawal, 2018).…”

The Impact of Rising Sea Levels on Historical Sites Old City Semarang

“…Sea level rise is one of the consequences of climate change due to anomalous increases in global temperature of around 1 o C. The global average sea level has increased by about 20 cm since the end of the 19th century [10], both for the community, built areas, and the environment, which causes sea level also to change when there is an exchange of mass between the reservoir, ice or the terrestrial atmosphere and the ocean [11]. Several global sea-level rises (GMSL) studies using satellite altimetry data show that the rate of sea-level rise has reached 3.4 mm / year since 1993 [12].…”