Additions to Lyophyllaceae s.l. from China

Abstract

Four new species, viz. Calocybe coacta, C. fulvipes, C. vinacea and Clitolyophyllum umbilicatum, are described in northern China. Comparisons are made of macro- and micromorphological features among the new species and closely related species within the genus. The new species feature unique morphological characteristics that separate them from the previously described species. Calocybe coacta is characterized by medium- to large-sized basidiocarps, greyish cream, felty pileus and non-cellular epicutis. The key characteristics of C. fulvipes are rose-brown to greyish-brown pileus, stone-brown stipe and non-cellular epicutis. The unique morphological characteristics of C. vinacea that distinguish it from its closely related species are pastel red to dull-red pileus and stipe surface with densely white pruina. The main characteristics of Clitolyophyllum umbilicatum are deeply depressed dark orange to light-brown pileus, central stipe and subglobose-ellipsoid spores. Phylogenetic analyses based on the ITS and 28S regions indicated that the four new species are distinct and monophyletic. Full descriptions, color images, illustrations and a phylogenetic tree that show the placement of the four new species are provided. A key to the Calocybe species reported from China is also given.

Multiple evidence reveals two new species and new distributions of Calocybe species (Lyophyllaceae) from northeastern China

“…However, it differed from C. betulicola by the gradual fading from pinkish purple to brownish red to grayish brown stipe, carneous pileus, and larger basidiospores ((5.8) 6.0–8.5 (9.3) × (2.1) 2.7–3.8 (4.3) μm) ( Xu et al 2021b ). Calocybe fulvipes differs by its tone brown to dark violet stipe, and the changes it undergoes when injured, bigger Qm, and slightly longer sterigmata ( Xu et al 2021a ). Calocybe coacta can be distinguished from C. betulicola by its cream-gray pileus, the presence of hymenial cystidia, and larger basidiospores ( Xu et al 2021a ).…”

“…PCR reactions (25 μL) contained dd H 2 O 9.5 μL, 2 × Taq PCR MasterMix 12.5 μL, upstream primer 0.5 μL, downstream primer 0.5 μL, DNA sample 2 μL. Cycle parameters were as follows 2 min at 94 °C; 35 s at 95 °C, 35 s at 48 °C, 1 min at 72 °C for 30 cycles; 10 min at 72 °C; storage at 4 °C ( Xu et al 2021a , 2021b ). The PCR products were visualized via UV light after electrophoresis on 1.2% agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide and purified using the Genview High-Efficiency Agarose Gels DNA Purification Kit (Gen-View Scientific Inc., Galveston, TX, USA).…”

“…Nevertheless, Bellanger concluded from a multi-gene phylogenetic analysis that Calocybe forms a monophyletic clade with Rugosomyces Raithelh ( Bellanger et al 2015 ). Vizzini et al (2015) , Li et al (2017) , and Xu et al (2021a) also conducted a familiar conclusion with Bellanger. Recent research suggests that the genus Calocybe could be divided into five main clades.…”

“…Furthermore, a preliminary taxonomic study on Calocybe was performed in recent years ( Zhou 2022 ). And recently, more than ten new species have been described in northeast China ( Li et al 2017 ; Xu et al 2021a , 2021b ; Qi et al 2022 ; Mu and Bau 2023 ), and proposed their perspective on the taxonomic systematic on Calocybe . As a result, a total of 19 species of Calocybe have been reported, including Calocybe aurantiaca X.D.…”

Morphology and Phylogeny of Lyophylloid Mushrooms in China with Description of Four New Species

“…Lyophyllaceae has a worldwide distribution [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], with more than 200 species [ 14 ]. The unique characteristic that delimits Lyophyllaceae is the presence of siderophilous granulation in the basidia [ 15 ].…”