Adenosine diphosphate glucose and starch synthesis

Recondo, Eduardo; Leloir, Luis F.

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(61)90389-8

Cited by 238 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Glucan synthesis in the absence of added primer was found in fraction I in the presence of 0.5 M sodium citrate and bovine serum albumin. The unprimed product was a methanol-precipitable glucan with principally a-1,4 linkages and some a-1,6 linkages, and its iodine spectrum was similar to that of amylopectin.Either sugar nucleotide transferases or phosphorylase could be involved in the initiation and synthesis of starch in higher plants (3,4,10,(13)(14)(15). Multiple forms of ADP-glucose:a-1,4-glucan a-4-glucosyltransferase have been separated from spinach leaves, one of which in the absence of added primer catalyzes the synthesis of a glucan with principally a-i ,4 linkages and some a-1 , 6 linkages (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Adenosine Diphosphoglucose-Starch Glucosyltransferases from Developing Kernels of Waxy Maize

1971

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MATERIALS AND METHODSTwo adenosine diphosphoglucose: a-, 4-glucan a-4-glucosyltransferases were extracted from kernels of waxy maize harvested 22 days after pollination and separated by gradient elution from a diethylaminoethyl-cellulose column. Both fractions could utilize amylopectin, amylose, glycogen, maltotriose and maltose as primers. The rate of glucose transfer from adenosine diphosphoglucose to rabbit liver glycogen of fraction II was 78% of the rate of glucose transfer to amylopectin, but with fraction I the rate of transfer of glucose to rabbit liver glycogen was 380% of that observed to amylopectin. Glucan synthesis in the absence of added primer was found in fraction I in the presence of 0.5 M sodium citrate and bovine serum albumin. The unprimed product was a methanol-precipitable glucan with principally a-1,4 linkages and some a-1,6 linkages, and its iodine spectrum was similar to that of amylopectin.Either sugar nucleotide transferases or phosphorylase could be involved in the initiation and synthesis of starch in higher plants (3,4,10,(13)(14)(15). Multiple forms of ADP-glucose:a-1,4-glucan a-4-glucosyltransferase have been separated from spinach leaves, one of which in the absence of added primer catalyzes the synthesis of a glucan with principally a-i ,4 linkages and some a-1 , 6 linkages (12). The unprimed activity was stimulated over 1000-fold by BSA3 and high concentrations of some salts (12). In maize kernels, Tsai and Nelson (15) have found evidence for the presence of multiple forms of phosphorylase, two forms of which are capable of synthesizing a polyglucan in the absence of added a-1 ,4 glucan primer.The present communication reports the existence of two forms of ADP-glucose:a-1 ,4-glucan a-4-glucosyltransferase (ADP-glucose-starch glucosyltransferase) in waxy maize, one of which can catalyze the formation of a polyglucose with properties similar to amylopectin in the absence of added primer. Rates of the unprimed reaction were up to eight times faster than the primed reaction at physiological concentrations of ADP-glucose.

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confidence: 99%

Adenosine Diphosphoglucose-Starch Glucosyltransferases from Developing Kernels of Waxy Maize

1971

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“…It used uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) as a substrate and transferred the glucose moiety into glyc-ogen. Subsequently, a similar enzyme was found bound to the starch granules of higher plants (4,15), but this enzyme preferentially used adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG) as a substrate (20,22 the polysaccharide. Also the overall reaction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phosphorylases I and II of Maize Endosperm

1968

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A bstract. Two phosphorylases have been found in the endosperm of Zea mays. Phosphorylase I is found through all stages of endosperm development and seed germination investigated. The Phosphorylase (a-1,4-glucan: orthophosphate glucosyl,transferase) was first discovered in liver tissue (2) to catalyze a reversible reaction between glucose-1-phosphate (glucose-1-P) and glycogen.Glucose-i-P + Glycogen (G)n ;± Glycogen (G)n +l + Pi. Soon after this discovery, the same type of reaction was demonstrated in tissues of higher plants (8, 9

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“…2, C and D). This difference could be related to the higher velocity of incorporation of glucose into starch from ADP-glucose than from UDP-gLIcose (12). Ten to 15 min, viZ.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We have now tried to investigate the latter effect to see if it was related to an increase in the activity of starch synthetase (UDP-glucose: a-1,4-glucan a-4-glucosyltransferase, EC 2.4.1.21) included inside the grain (4,8,12) or to some modification of the permeability of the granule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide on the Activity of Particulate Starch Synthetase from Potato Tuber

Lavintman

Cardini

1972

Plant Physiol.

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The action of some detergents on the incorporation of glucose from uridine diphosphate glucose or adenosine diphosphate glucose into the potato tuber starch grain was studied. It was found that the cationic detergent, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, produces a rapid binding of both sugar nucleotides to the grain and a great increase in the incorporation of glucose into the polysaccharide. Kinetic constants of starch synthetase are also modified, there being an affinity increase for both sugar nucleotides. Neutral detergents are without effect and anionic detergents are inhibitors.In a previous communication (6) on the synthesis of sterylglucosides from UDP-glucose in amyloplasts of sweet corn endosperm, we have found that the cationic detergent, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, inhibited that synthesis but increased considerably the incorporation of radioactivity into the grains. We have now tried to investigate the latter effect to see if it was related to an increase in the activity of starch synthetase (UDP-glucose: a-1,4-glucan a-4-glucosyltransferase, EC 2.4.1.21) included inside the grain (4,8,12) or to some modification of the permeability of the granule.

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Adenosine diphosphate glucose and starch synthesis

Cited by 238 publications

References 7 publications

Adenosine Diphosphoglucose-Starch Glucosyltransferases from Developing Kernels of Waxy Maize

Adenosine Diphosphoglucose-Starch Glucosyltransferases from Developing Kernels of Waxy Maize

Phosphorylases I and II of Maize Endosperm

Effect of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide on the Activity of Particulate Starch Synthetase from Potato Tuber

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