Adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension trial (DASH) diet is inversely associated with incidence of insulin resistance in adults: the Tehran lipid and glucose study

Abstract

Beneficial effects of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension trial (DASH) diet on features of metabolic syndrome have been indicated in clinical studies. In this study, we aimed to assess possible association of DASH diet score and the risk of insulin resistance in an Iranian population. In this prospective cohort study, 927 adult men and women, were recruited. Fasting serum insulin and glucose were measured at baseline and again after 3 years. Usual dietary intakes were measured using a validated 168 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and DASH score was calculated. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the occurrence of the insulin resistance across tertiles of DASH diet. To investigate possible superiority of DASH score over other scoring system, we also assessed the association of healthy eating index and Mediterranean diet score with the risk of insulin resistance. Mean age of the participants was 40.34 ± 12.14 years old. The incidence rate of insulin resistance was 12.8%. Participants with higher DASH score had also higher intakes of potassium, calcium, magnesium, fiber, and lower intakes of cholesterol (p<0.05). After 3-years of follow-up, a significant negative association was observed between DASH score and the risk insulin resistance in the highest compared to the lowest tertile (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.20–0.76, p for trend = 0.007). There was no significant association between healthy eating index and Mediterranean diet score with the incidence of insulin resistance. In conclusion, adherence to the DASH dietary pattern may be associated with a lower risk of insulin resistance and its related metabolic outcomes.

Crosstalk of Magnesium and Serum Lipids in Dyslipidemia and Associated Disorders: A Systematic Review

“…The 4-month supplementation with 2.5 MgCl 2 (450 mg Mg) employed by Guerrero-Romero and Rodriguez-Moran (2008) in their RCT led to significant improvements in HDL-C levels versus placebo in subjects diagnosed with hypertension [ 111 ]. In the prospective, 3-year observational Esfandiari et al (2017)’s study tracking the effects of the adherence to the DASH diet, it was found that a higher questionnaire-assessed DASH score was associated with a higher Mg consumption and lower TC ( p < 0.05) [ 112 ]. Cunha et al (2016) performed an RCT to investigate oral Mg supplementation and its effects on the improvement of endothelial function and subclinical atherosclerosis in thiazide-treated hypertensive women.…”

The Effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet on Metabolic Syndrome in Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…However, the RCTs examining the effects of nutritional interventions on MetS in people with schizophrenia are lacking and inconsistent, and it is, therefore, still unclear what would be the most appropriate nutritional approach for its treatment. In the last few decades, the DASH dietary pattern has been in the focus of numerous researches which have confirmed its favorable effects not only on BP, but also on MetS features in different population groups [25,26,39]. Nevertheless, no RCTs on the association between the DASH diet and MetS and its features in hospitalized schizophrenic patients have been published so far.…”

The Effect of Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Mid-upper Arm Circumference and Blood Pressure in Obese Adolescents

“…The DASH diet is indicated to provide potential benefits to prevent the development of diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome (23) because it is a diet that has high intake in the whole grains, fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products combined with limited consumption of saturated fat sources, red meats, sweet foods, and drinks that contain sugar. The DASH diet pattern, which is high in fiber, antioxidants, unsaturated fats, and the use of low-fat dairy products, can support to prevent an increase of blood pressure and increase the insulin homeostasis and glucose tolerance (24).…”