Adhesion of Bacillus sp. on stainless steel weld surfaces

Sreekumari, Kurissery R.; Ozawa, Masayoshi; Tohmoto, Kenji; Kikuchi, Yasushi

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.40.suppl_s54

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Kikuchi and Matsuda 17) in a review pointed out that HAZ might show a changed internal structure and composition and may in some circumstances act as a location where corrosion can be preferentially initiated. Walsh 4) and the studies at Joining and welding Research Institute (JWRI), Osaka University, [18][19][20] showed influence of surface chemistry and microstructure on bacterial attachment on welds. Typical MIC failure cases analyzed in JWRI, Osaka University leaving stainless steel welds with a skeleton appearance is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Metals —A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion—

2005

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Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC), otherwise coined as biocorrosion, is the influence of microorganisms on the kinetics of corrosion processes of metals, minerals and synthetic materials caused by their adhesion and growth. A closer observation of the MIC failure case analyses of engineering components showed that MIC occurs at or near welds. Preferential bacterial attack on the austenite phase leaving a skeleton like appearance is commonly reported on welds. The initial step of this phenomenon is the attachment of bacteria, which, over a period of time develop into a biofilm on the material surface. However, the intriguing question that remains to be answered is ''Why welds are prone to preferential MIC attack?'' Experiments on bacterial attachment on stainless steel surfaces revealed that surface roughness plays a pivotal role. Naturally, welds are with rough surfaces and that explains the preferential attachment of bacteria. Also, it was noticed that shape of the weld beads, determines the extent of bacterial attachment on to their surfaces. Leaving apart the surface roughness as the major contributing factor for the preferential bacterial attachment, studies were carried out to determine whether the underlying microstructure has any influence on it. Results suggested that there is. There was significant difference in percentage area of bacterial attachment between base metal and weld even after nullifying the surface roughness by polishing. Weld metal was preferred for attachment by bacteria more than base metal. Subsequent studies using an image superimposing technique revealed that grain boundary or the austenite/ferrite interface was preferred by bacteria as their initial attachment site. Welds have more such interfaces/or grain boundaries than base metal and thus resulting in more bacterial attachment, quickly leading to the initiation of MIC. The influence of inclusions, energy gradient and alloying elements are also discussed as factors associated with this phenomenon. In order to test the effect of elemental segregation occurring at grain boundaries on bacterial attachment, experiments were carried out using sulfur enriched stainless steel welds as well as high nitrogen stainless steels. Presence of sulfur and nitrogen as alloying elements enhanced bacterial attachment. Sulfur and nitrogen are essential elements for bacterial growth and their presence must have enhanced bacterial attachment. This result led us to the development of antibacterial metals. The hypothesis that worked out was if essential elements enhance attachment, toxic elements should deter it. Controlling bacterial attachment would be beneficial, both for deterring MIC and preventing infection and maintaining hygiene, especially in hospitals and food industries. Silver and copper, the well-known toxic elements were tried as alloying elements in stainless steel. While doing so, the material properties were kept largely in par with the silver/copper free stainless steel. The efficiencies of these antibacterial stainless steel...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Metals —A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion—

2005

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“…For examples, water pipelines have leaked due to the corrosion of a welded area of a stainless steel pipe inspected as safe [2][3][4], and unexpected severe pitting corrosion on the bottom plating of a cargo oil tank was observed [5] in another instance. Corrosion damage of the fuel oil tank of an aircraft as well as the abnormal corrosion of weld metal areas of stainless steels have been reported [6,7]. Furthermore, corrosion damage associated with bacteria in such areas as the petroleum chemical industry, nuclear power plants, and concrete structures was frequently noted, and the amount of damage was estimated to be in excess of several billion US dollars [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical analysis of the microbiologically influenced corrosion of steels by sulfate-reducing bacteria

et al. 2007

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The differences between the general corrosion and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of steels were investigated in terms of its electrochemical behavior and surface phenomena. The corrosion potential of steels in the absence of SRB (sulfate-reducing bacteria) shifted to a negative value with the immersion time. However, the potential of the presence of SRB shifted to a positive value after 30 days' incubation, indicating the growth of SRB biofilms on the test metal specimens and the formation of corrosion products. In addition, the color of a medium inoculated with SRB changed from gray to black. The change in color appeared to be caused by the formation of pyrites (FeS) as a corrosion product, while no significant change in color was observed in a medium without SRB inoculation. Moreover, corrosion rates of various steels tested for MIC were higher compared to those of steels in the absence of SRB. In particular, the corrosion current density of TMCP steels in the presence of SRB was larger than that of other steels. Pitting corrosion was also observed at the surface of all steels in the SRB-inoculated medium. The pitting corrosion likely occurred due to SRB that was associated with the increasing corrosion rates through increasing cathodic reactions, which caused a reduction of sulfate to sulfide as well as the formation of an oxygen concentration cell.

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“…A higher percentage of carbon due to carbide precipitation and a reduced percentage of chromium at the grain boundaries (up to 40%) than the adjacent grains (Bruemmer 1989), results in lower corrosion resistance. This elemental segregation at grain boundaries could allow for enhanced attachment of bacteria (Hughes et al 1989, Sreekumari et al 2000. As the surface roughness increases, the colonization rate also increases (Baker 1984).…”

Section: Grain Boundaries and High-energy Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of mixed species microbial community biofilms in microbially influenced corrosion

Jogdeo¹

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This four-year journey would not have been possible without the help and support of so many people, to whom I would like to convey my gratitude.Firstly, I would like to express sincere thanks to my supervisor Assoc. Prof.Scott Rice for his guidance, all the fruitful discussions and believing in me to work on this project. I would also like to thank my co-supervisor, Dr. Enrico Marsili for introducing me to the world of electrochemistry. His encouragement always kept me going. I am obliged to the insightful comments and suggestions from Assoc. Prof.

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Adhesion of Bacillus sp. on stainless steel weld surfaces

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Antibacterial Metals —A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion—

Antibacterial Metals —A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion—

Electrochemical analysis of the microbiologically influenced corrosion of steels by sulfate-reducing bacteria

Role of mixed species microbial community biofilms in microbially influenced corrosion

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Adhesion of Bacillus sp. on stainless steel weld surfaces

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Antibacterial Metals &mdash;A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion&mdash;

Antibacterial Metals &mdash;A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion&mdash;

Electrochemical analysis of the microbiologically influenced corrosion of steels by sulfate-reducing bacteria

Role of mixed species microbial community biofilms in microbially influenced corrosion

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Antibacterial Metals —A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion—

Antibacterial Metals —A Viable Solution for Bacterial Attachment and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion—