Adipose Tissue Aging and Metabolic Disorder, and the Impact of Nutritional Interventions

Wang, Xiujuan; Xu, Mingzhen; Li, Yong

doi:10.3390/nu14153134

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…In this regard, it is interesting to note that our research indicated the importance of RXFP3 in glucometabolic activity [127][128][129][130], while GPR19 has been more strongly associated with lipid metabolism [131,132]. In this respect, perhaps simplistically, RXFP3 and GPR19 may function as "yin and yang" in the realm of the balance between glucose or lipid metabolic functionality [18,23,[133][134][135][136]. Thus, it may be likely that GPCR systems could possess a nuanced level of interaction between the multiple stress-related factors that control molecular aging [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

GPR19 Coordinates Multiple Molecular Aspects of Stress Responses Associated with the Aging Process

Maudsley

Schrauwen

Harputluoğlu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a significant role in controlling biological paradigms such as aging and aging-related disease. We have previously identified receptor signaling systems that are specifically associated with controlling molecular pathologies associated with the aging process. Here, we have identified a pseudo-orphan GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor 19 (GPR19), that is sensitive to many molecular aspects of the aging process. Through an in-depth molecular investigation process that involved proteomic, molecular biological, and advanced informatic experimentation, this study found that the functionality of GPR19 is specifically linked to sensory, protective, and remedial signaling systems associated with aging-related pathology. This study suggests that the activity of this receptor may play a role in mitigating the effects of aging-related pathology by promoting protective and remedial signaling systems. GPR19 expression variation demonstrates variability in the molecular activity in this larger process. At low expression levels in HEK293 cells, GPR19 expression regulates signaling paradigms linked with stress responses and metabolic responses to these. At higher expression levels, GPR19 expression co-regulates systems involved in sensing and repairing DNA damage, while at the highest levels of GPR19 expression, a functional link to processes of cellular senescence is seen. In this manner, GPR19 may function as a coordinator of aging-associated metabolic dysfunction, stress response, DNA integrity management, and eventual senescence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

GPR19 Coordinates Multiple Molecular Aspects of Stress Responses Associated with the Aging Process

Maudsley

Schrauwen

Harputluoğlu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The findings of the present study showed that fat pad weights increased due to continuous consumption of sugar solution. It seems that visceral white adipose tissue depots such as mesenteric uptake the Glucose for use in triacylglycerides (TAG) production (25,26). It is well established, along with obesity, that the WAT presents an increase in inflammatory markers and infiltration of immune cells (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Resistance Training on Adipose Tissue and Serum METRNL Levels in Sucrose Solution Fed Rats

Abdi Ziari,

Safarzade

2023

Thrita

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Background: Meteorin-like protein (METRNL) is a novel adipomyokine that may improve glucose tolerance, and its circulating levels are affected by changes in body weight. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of resistance training (RT) and high sucrose consumption on serum and adipose tissue METRNL levels in male rats. Methods: In this study, 32 Wistar male rats were divided into normal diet and high sucrose diet groups. After 4 weeks, each group was divided into control and training groups. The rats in the training group were subjected to the RT program (3 days/week, for 8 weeks). In addition to serum and adipose tissue levels of METRNL, we measured epididymal and mesenteric fat mass, serum glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results: high sucrose diet increased fat weights and serum levels of glucose, insulin, and IR index; nevertheless, it reduced the serum levels of METRNL. RT decreased serum insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR. The result of two-way ANOVA and the t-test showed that eight weeks of RT decreased serum levels of METRNL, insulin, and HOMA-IR in sugar solution-fed rats. Conclusions: The results suggest that RT may be an effective intervention to reduce serum METRNL and HOMA-IR levels, which is associated with improving body composition.

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“…Some vitamins also possess substantial anti-obesity potential [ 6 , 129 ]. The antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of tocopherol helps in preventing metabolic syndrome [ 130 ].…”

Section: Novel Drugs In Obesity Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Treatments and Natural Biocompounds in Weight Management

et al. 2023

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The obesity pandemic is one of society’s most urgent public health concerns. One-third of the global adult population may fall under obese or overweight by 2025, suggesting a rising demand for medical care and an exorbitant cost of healthcare expenditure in the coming years. Generally, the treatment strategy for obese patients is largely patient-centric and needs dietary, behavioral, pharmacological, and sometimes even surgical interventions. Given that obesity cases are rising in adults and children and lifestyle modifications have failed to produce the desired results, the need for medical therapy adjunct to lifestyle modifications is vital for better managing obesity. Most existing or past drugs for obesity treatment target satiety or monoamine pathways and induce a feeling of fullness in patients, while drugs such as orlistat are targeted against intestinal lipases. However, many medications targeted against neurotransmitters showed adverse events in patients, thus being withdrawn from the market. Alternatively, the combination of some drugs has been successfully tested in obesity management. However, the demand for novel, safer, and more efficacious pharmaceutical medicines for weight management does exist. The present review elucidates the current understanding of the available anti-obesity medicines of synthetic and natural origin, their main mechanisms of action, and the shortcomings associated with current weight management drugs.

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Adipose Tissue Aging and Metabolic Disorder, and the Impact of Nutritional Interventions

Cited by 24 publications

References 125 publications

GPR19 Coordinates Multiple Molecular Aspects of Stress Responses Associated with the Aging Process

GPR19 Coordinates Multiple Molecular Aspects of Stress Responses Associated with the Aging Process

Effect of Resistance Training on Adipose Tissue and Serum METRNL Levels in Sucrose Solution Fed Rats

Pharmacological Treatments and Natural Biocompounds in Weight Management

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