Adsorption of Phenol from Water on Natural Minerals

Abstract

Phenol and its derivatives (chlorophenol, nitrophenol, methylphenol, cresol etc.) belong to highly toxic contaminants, and their occurrence in industrial and municipal sewage as well as in groundwater carries a high threat to the environment and human health. Elimination of such contaminants is one of the major challenges in solving the global environmental problems. Implementation of pro-ecological methods of water treatment is associated with the use of natural, cheap and unprocessed materials, with the possibility of their repeated use. The article presents the results of the studies on the use of powdery adsorbents for the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions. The following natural minerals were used: attapulgite-Abso'net Superior Special (ASS) and alganite-Abso'net Multisorb (AM). Tests were performed under non-flowing conditions, in series, depending on the type and dose of adsorbents. Tests were conducted on a model solution of phenol with the initial concentration of C 0 = 20 mg /dm 3 , at the temp. of 20° C. Alganite mineral (AM) proved to be effective in adsorption of phenol. Maximum adsorption capacity P = 0.21 g/g, was obtained for a dose 10 mg/dm 3. Almost complete removal of phenol (99.9%) was obtained for a dose of 500 mg/dm 3. For natural attapulgite-Abso'net Superior Special (ASS) the maximum adsorption capacity (at a dose 5 mg/dm 3) amounted to P = 0.15 g/g. The efficiency of phenol removal at the level 99% was obtained at a dose of 1000 mg/dm 3).

A review of novel electrode materials and techniques for electro‐Fenton process applied to the degradation of phenolic compounds

“…Their application is also widely required for wood conservation, as well as petroleum and petrochemical refineries. The density of phenol and phenolic compounds in coking plants and plastic mills is generally measured to be several grams per cubic metre (Anku et al, 2017; Brandão et al, 2017; Puszkarewicz et al, 2018). Being fatal for aquatic organisms in very low concentrations such as 1 mg/L, higher concentrations (5 mg/L [New Jersey Department of Health, 2010]) of phenol is also extremely perilous in case of human exposure leading to cell death, metabolism disruption and internal organ damage (Brandão et al, 2017).…”

“…Being fatal for aquatic organisms in very low concentrations such as 1 mg/L, higher concentrations (5 mg/L [New Jersey Department of Health, 2010]) of phenol is also extremely perilous in case of human exposure leading to cell death, metabolism disruption and internal organ damage (Brandão et al, 2017). Although it is widely alleged that phenol is carcinogenic for humans (Puszkarewicz et al, 2018), this fact is discredited by most modern sources (Acosta et al, 2018). According to US Environmental Protection Agency, the continual exposure limit for humans was 0.006 μg/L for a span of 10 days and 0.002 μg/L in case of lifetime contact.…”

Preparation of Molecularly Imprinted Optical Sensors for The Real Time Detection of Phenol

“…It also causes damage to the liver, causing changes in blood pressure and adverse effects on the nervous system. According to researches, developmental retardation and weight loss have also been observed in animals exposed to phenol [15][16][17][18]. Phenol and its derivatives such as methylphenol, chlorophenol and nitrophenol are highly toxic contaminants.…”

Novel Application of Mineral By-Products Obtained from the Combustion of Bituminous Coal–Fly Ash in Chemical Engineering

“…In recent years, there has been growing interest in the search for cheaper sources, such as low-cost adsorbent materials, for the immobilization of dyes and heavy metals from mixtures [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. For this reason, there are studies on the utilization of this solid waste [18][19][20][21][22] for the removal of heavy metals [23][24][25] and dyes [26][27][28] from polluted waters.…”