Adult Type Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia in An 11 Year Old Girl- A Very Unusual Case Report

Abstract

Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia is very uncommon in children. It accounts for 2 to 5% of all the childhood leukaemias. The incidence is < 1 case per 1,00,000 population in younger than 20 years of age per year. Two distinct forms have been described- namely the Juvenile and Adult type. Absence of Philadelphia chromosome is the hallmark of Juvenile type CML ( JCML). Adult type CML is extremely rare in childhood. Here, we report one such a case of adult type of CML in an 11 year old girl who presented to us with pallor, fever and hepato-splenomegaly. At presentation, it seems to be a case of Visceral Leishmaniasis. But, peripheral blood film and bone marrow features were consistent with CML. Philadelphia chromosome was positive. Though biological behavior and prognosis are identical to that of adult CML, we are reporting this case because of its extremely uncommon incidence.Bangladesh J Medicine Jul 2014; 25 (2) : 72-75

Variant p190 of the BCR-ABL1 gene in a pediatric patient with chronic myeloid leukemia

“…In this case there was mild anemia (Hb=10.4 g/L), similar to cases 4, 7, 8 and 9, although there are also reports of moderate anemia (Case 6) and severe (Cases 2, 3, 5 and 10) (Table 1). [3][4][5][6][7][8] Regarding leukocytosis, the reviewed literature determined a mean leukocyte count 237±161 x 10 9 /L, (Cases 1-10) being the highest value the case reported here (512 x 10 9 /L). As Table 1 shows, splenomegaly has been reported in most published cases.…”

A 7 year old girl with anemia and massive hepatosplenomegaly

“…It has incidence of <1 case per 1,00,000 population younger than 20 years of age per year. 16 Chronic myeloid leukemia accounts less than 10% of all leukemias under the age of 20 years and 7-20% of all leukemias seen at all ages. After the age of 60 years it is very rare and occasionally occurs in children.…”