2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.007
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Advanced in vitro models of vascular biology: Human induced pluripotent stem cells and organ-on-chip technology

Abstract: The vascular system is one of the first to develop during embryogenesis and is essential for all organs and tissues in our body to develop and function. It has many essential roles including controlling the absorption, distribution and excretion of compounds and therefore determines the pharmacokinetics of drugs and therapeutics. Vascular homeostasis is under tight physiological control which is essential for maintaining tissues in a healthy state. Consequently, disruption of vascular homeostasis plays an inte… Show more

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Cited by 127 publications
(89 citation statements)
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“…[ 515 ] Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could potentially provide an option, having been directed toward EC phenotype; efforts are ongoing, however, to obtain more mature and functional organ‐specific behavior and gene expression. [ 516 ] The use of patient‐derived cells for individualized medicine has also gained traction as a method to more accurately recapitulate in vivo conditions of ECs in in vitro devices; a recent study cultured patient‐specific renal cell carcinoma tumor‐derived and normal kidney ECs in in vitro vascular models to screen antiangiogenic therapies on an individualized basis. [ 517 ]…”
Section: Current Limitations and Future Opportunitiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 515 ] Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could potentially provide an option, having been directed toward EC phenotype; efforts are ongoing, however, to obtain more mature and functional organ‐specific behavior and gene expression. [ 516 ] The use of patient‐derived cells for individualized medicine has also gained traction as a method to more accurately recapitulate in vivo conditions of ECs in in vitro devices; a recent study cultured patient‐specific renal cell carcinoma tumor‐derived and normal kidney ECs in in vitro vascular models to screen antiangiogenic therapies on an individualized basis. [ 517 ]…”
Section: Current Limitations and Future Opportunitiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As an example, Ciampi et al constructed a vascularized kidney organoid by engineering kidney vasculatures using human iPSC‐derived ECs . In general, the current protocol for deriving these cells of iPSC origin begins with providing the right combination of growth factors to induce differentiation of iPSCs toward the mesoderm fate . Then, EC specification is induced by the addition of growth factor such as VEGF .…”
Section: Design Consideration: How Simple Is Complex Enough?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In general, the current protocol for deriving these cells of iPSC origin begins with providing the right combination of growth factors to induce differentiation of iPSCs toward the mesoderm fate . Then, EC specification is induced by the addition of growth factor such as VEGF . However, due to the lack of standardized and reproducible protocols, typically only personnel with extensive stem cell culture experience are able to successfully differentiate them .…”
Section: Design Consideration: How Simple Is Complex Enough?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Until recently, primary and immortalized cells from both animals and humans, respectively, were used to develop brain angiogenesis models. The recent development of the gene editing technology, such as CRISPR/Cas9, led to the use of Human induced pluripotent stem cells (HiPSC) derived from both healthy and diseased humans [93]. Although it is very challenging to maintain and standardize HiPSC protocols, microfluidics platforms once again have aided in sustaining more complex, dynamic and controlled environment for using HiPSC [2].…”
Section: Establishing Brain Vasculature On Chipsmentioning
confidence: 99%