Advances in Molecular Tools and In Vivo Models for the Study of Human Fungal Pathogenesis

Malavia, Dhara; Gow, Neil A. R.; Usher, Jane

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8060803

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 240 publications

(265 reference statements)

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“…Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation systems for the BSI-relevant Malassezia species were developed, allowing direct gene manipulation to better understand gene function (Ianiri et al, 2016 ; Celis et al, 2017b ). With the recent improvements to the CRISPR/Cas9 strategy, this gene editing system has already contributed to various fungal virulence studies (Malavia et al, 2020 ), and also its first application for research in functional Malassezia genetics has recently been reported (Ianiri et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia spp. Yeasts of Emerging Concern in Fungemia

Rhimi

Theelen

Boekhout

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Malassezia spp. are lipid-dependent yeasts, inhabiting the skin and mucosa of humans and animals. They are involved in a variety of skin disorders in humans and animals and may cause bloodstream infections in severely immunocompromised patients. Despite a tremendous increase in scientific knowledge of these yeasts during the last two decades, the epidemiology of Malassezia spp. related to fungemia remains largely underestimated most likely due to the difficulty in the isolation of these yeasts species due to their lipid-dependence. This review summarizes and discusses the most recent literature on Malassezia spp. infection and fungemia, its occurrence, pathogenicity mechanisms, diagnostic methods, in vitro susceptibility testing and therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia spp. Yeasts of Emerging Concern in Fungemia

Rhimi

Theelen

Boekhout

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Different methods exist to genetically transform fungi, including protoplast-mediated, Agrobacterium-mediate, electroporation, and biolistic (23,24). These strategies require selectable markers, usually a drug-resistance gene or nutritional gene, to isolate cells that contain the desired construct.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic DNA integration and marker-free CRISPR/Cas9 strategies for the halotolerant black yeastHortaea werneckii

Hernandez-Rodriguez,

Bullard,

Busch

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Hortaea werneckii is a halotolerant black yeast commonly found in hypersaline environments. This yeast is also the causative agent of tinea nigra, a superficial mycosis of the palm of the hand and soles of the feet of humans. In addition to their remarkable halotolerance, this black yeast exhibits an unconventional cell division cycle. H. werneckii alternates between fission and budding cell division. This cell division cycle is regulated by cell density and the salt concentration in their media. H. werneckii have been extensively studied due to their ability to grow in high salinity environments and unconventional cell biology. Nonetheless, deciphering the underlying mechanisms behind these remarkable phenotypes has been limited due to the lack of genetic tools available. Here, we report a new ectopic integration protocol for H. werneckii using PEG-CaCl2 mediated protoplast transformation. This approach relies on a selectable marker (hygromycin B) to select for successful integration of the genetic construct. The same construct was used to express cytosolic green fluorescent protein. Finally, we also developed a marker-free CRISPR/Cas9 protocol for targeted gene deletion. These transformation strategies will allow testing hypotheses related to H. werneckii cell biology and physiology.

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“…Unexpectedly, they became even a bigger problem due to the changes in today's modern lifestyle and socioeconomical activities, which accelerates the spread of infection much faster around the world [ 2 ]. Due to this, many advances in detection and treatment of infectious disease have been studied and reported in the past decades, including developing different types of vaccines, innovative technologies, e.g., single-cell based studies, CRISPR technologies, RNA interference that help us to explore infectious disease more [ [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] ]. Moreover, CAR- and TCR-T cell-based therapies have been also investigated as new candidates [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%