Advances in the surface modification techniques of bone-related implants for last 10 years

Abstract

At the time of implanting bone-related implants into human body, a variety of biological responses to the material surface occur with respect to surface chemistry and physical state. The commonly used biomaterials (e.g. titanium and its alloy, Co–Cr alloy, stainless steel, polyetheretherketone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and various calcium phosphates) have many drawbacks such as lack of biocompatibility and improper mechanical properties. As surface modification is very promising technology to overcome such problems, a variety of surface modification techniques have been being investigated. This review paper covers recent advances in surface modification techniques of bone-related materials including physicochemical coating, radiation grafting, plasma surface engineering, ion beam processing and surface patterning techniques. The contents are organized with different types of techniques to applicable materials, and typical examples are also described.

Wear Performance of UHMWPE and Reinforced UHMWPE Composites in Arthroplasty Applications: A Review

“…Compared with other coating methods, the advantages of ion beam surface modification are that this technique avoids the risk of delamination and that the process is extremely controllable and reproducible [100]. Improvement of the tribological behaviour, as well as the surface mechanical properties of polymeric materials, was reported in [101] and surface wear reduction was found on UHMWPE by using nitrogen ion implantation [102,103]. It is believed that this surface modification method has hardening and stiffening effects.…”

“…The process involves coating, etching and transferring a photo-resist layer to the surface of a bulk material whose surface properties need to be improved [103]. In the study conducted in [107], photolithograpy was used to generate dimples with a diameter of 50 μm, a depth of 15 μm and the area density in a range of 5% to 40% on both stainless steel and UHMWPE surfaces.…”

Evaluation of topographical and chemical modified TiAl6V4 implant surfaces in a weight‐bearing intramedullary femur model in rabbit

“…Especially for cementless TJR implants, the biological response to the surface chemistry and physical state is crucial for the success of implant integration as it depends on sufficient primary anchorage and biological fixation by newly formed bone (Anselme, Ponche, & Bigerelle, ; Kienapfel, Sprey, Wilke, & Griss, ; Ponche, Bigerelle, & Anselme, ). Therefore, many surface modification techniques have been developed including coating, roughening, and patterning methods (Qiu, Chen, Wang, & Lee, ).…”

Surface functionalization of nanobiomaterials for application in stem cell culture, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine

“…IBD can be divided in two subcategories: ion beam induced deposition (IBID) and ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD). Conversely, ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) technique offers a better solution to create gradual transition layer mixed with substrate material and the depositing material at the interface between them compared to IBD, wherein coating adheres with relatively lower adhesive strength onto the substrate . For instance, Chen et al reported the preparation of calcium phosphate thin film coatings on pure titanium using IBAD and further created biomimetic apatite precipitation layers via immersing the coating in Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline solutions containing calcium chloride, as well as biomolecules to modulate precipitation processes and enhance its bioactivity …”