Advancing Versatile Ferroelectric Materials Toward Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Ferroelectric materials (FEMs), possessing piezoelectric, pyroelectric, inverse piezoelectric, nonlinear optic, ferroelectric-photovoltaic, and many other properties, are attracting increasing attention in the field of biomedicine in recent years. Because of their versatile ability of interacting with force, heat, electricity, and light to generate electrical, mechanical, and optical signals, FEMs are demonstrating their unique advantages for biosensing, acoustics tweezer, bioimaging, therapeutics, tissue engineering, as well as stimulating biological functions. This review summarizes the current-available FEMs and their state-of-the-art fabrication techniques, as well as provides an overview of FEMs-based applications in the field of biomedicine. Challenges and prospects for future development of FEMs for biomedical applications are also outlined.

Highest-Tc single-component homochiral organic ferroelectrics

“…Afterward, ferroelectric materials have been found in all aspects of daily life, such as sound-controlled switches, ignition devices, sonar of submarines, and color ultrasound, etc. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Although molecular ferroelectrics have experienced certain progress in the early stage, such as the discovery of hydrogen-bonded ferroelectric potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), 10 the outbreak of the Second World War significantly promoted the military application of ceramic ferroelectrics represented by BaTiO 3 . 11,12 They possess the significant features such as high energy storage density, fast discharge speed, and stable storage performance, etc.…”

Wafer‐Scale Electroactive Nanoporous Silicon: Large and Fully Reversible Electrochemo‐Mechanical Actuation in Aqueous Electrolytes

“…[46] Thus, one can envision that on-chip integrated nanoporous silicon can be employed to sense stresses in vivo or in electrolytic environments in general, which is also a particular challenge in structural health monitoring and in the biomaterials sciences and technologies. [84,85] Finally, our study is also a fine example, how the combination of soft and hard matter opens up the possibility of using multi-physical couplings in geometrical confinement from the nano-via the meso-to the macroscale to design robust hybrid materials with integrated functionality, as it can be found in many biological composites. [87,88]…”

“…Mechanical stress in biological systems affects growth kinetics, form, and function of many living tissues. [83][84][85] Most prominently, mechanical stimulation results in altered cell morphologies, changes in cell signaling, and gene transcription via activation of mechanoreceptors such as piezochannels. [86] The mechanical force capabilities of nanoporous silicon demonstrated here along with its biocompatibility could therefore be employed in (bio-)medical surfaces and implants for electrically controlled manipulation of tissues and mechanotransduction, that is, conversion of mechanical forces to biochemical signaling.…”

“…[ 46 ] Thus, one can envision that on‐chip integrated nanoporous silicon can be employed to sense stresses in vivo or in electrolytic environments in general, which is also a particular challenge in structural health monitoring and in the biomaterials sciences and technologies. [ 84,85 ]…”

Differently Charged P (VDF-TrFE) Membranes Influence Osteogenesis Through Differential Immunomodulatory Function of Macrophages

“…After electric polarization in a direct-current (DC) electric field, the generation of aligned dipoles creates polarized charges distributed on the surface of piezoelectric materials (Lee et al, 2015;Khare et al, 2020). The application of these piezoelectric polymers can be considered in bone regeneration thanks to their biomimetic electroactivity and proved the promotion of osteogenesis by mimicking the endogenous electrical microenvironment both in vitro and in vivo (Zhou et al, 2016;Gorodzha et al, 2017;Tang et al, 2017;Chudinova et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020). In that, piezoelectric membranes have also been concerned in the research and development of GBR barrier membranes (Teixeira et al, 2011;Bai et al, 2019).…”