Advantages of Hyaluronic Acid and Its Combination with Other Bioactive Ingredients in Cosmeceuticals

Abstract

This study proposes a review on hyaluronic acid (HA) known as hyaluronan or hyaluronate and its derivates and their application in cosmetic formulations. HA is a glycosaminoglycan constituted from two disaccharides (N-acetylglucosamine and D-glucuronic acid), isolated initially from the vitreous humour of the eye, and subsequently discovered in different tissues or fluids (especially in the articular cartilage and the synovial fluid). It is ubiquitous in vertebrates, including humans, and it is involved in diverse biological processes, such as cell differentiation, embryological development, inflammation, wound healing, etc. HA has many qualities that recommend it over other substances used in skin regeneration, with moisturizing and anti-ageing effects. HA molecular weight influences its penetration into the skin and its biological activity. Considering that, nowadays, hyaluronic acid has a wide use and a multitude of applications (in ophthalmology, arthrology, pneumology, rhinology, aesthetic medicine, oncology, nutrition, and cosmetics), the present study describes the main aspects related to its use in cosmetology. The biological effect of HA on the skin level and its potential adverse effects are discussed. Some available cosmetic products containing HA have been identified from the brand portfolio of most known manufacturers and their composition was evaluated. Further, additional biological effects due to the other active ingredients (plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, peptides, proteins, saccharides, probiotics, etc.) are presented, as well as a description of their possible toxic effects.

Combination of Hyaluronan and Lyophilized Progenitor Cell Derivatives: Stabilization of Functional Hydrogel Products for Therapeutic Management of Tendinous Tissue Disorders

“…Due to the presence of saccharose in the cellular derivative lyophilizates (i.e., primarily included as an API lyo-protectant) and considering the H 2 O 2 challenge assay results of the placebo formulation group, a part of the enhanced resistance of the API-loaded hydrogels to the oxidative degradation is in all probability due to antioxidant (i.e., non-detectable in the Trolox assays) and protective effects (e.g., potential water-structuring molecular action) of this carbohydrate, which have been previously described (Figures 1, 2 and 4) [23,54]. Furthermore, as the endpoint rheological product behaviors (i.e., expressed as the viscoelasticity parameter values) of the formulations containing the cellular derivative APIs were systematically assessed as superior as compared to the placebo and HA control groups (i.e., although not always significantly) in the various experimental conditions, it is probable that an additive or synergistic effect of antioxidant protection and of viscosity modification is procured by the inclusion of said APIs (Figures 1-4, Tables S2 and S3).…”

The Moisturizing Efficacy of a Dermo-Cosmetic Product (cls02021) Versus in a 6-week Application Period

“…Hyaluronic acid is a humectant; it binds large amounts of water, more precisely 100 times its weight ( 31 ). Its ability to tie water helps rehydrate the skin, thereby filling in fine lines and reducing the appearance of wrinkles ( 32 ). Along with lactic acid, hyaluronic acid is a large constituent of a Metabiotic Complex, leading to a reduction of wrinkle depth during four weeks of product use.…”

Proteoglycan Combined with Hyaluronic Acid and Hydrolyzed Collagen Restores the Skin Barrier in Mild Atopic Dermatitis and Dry, Eczema-Prone Skin: A Pilot Study

“…HA is one of the known GAGs that form proteoglycan aggregates, which crosslink with other matrix proteins such as collagen, constituting supermolecular structures that increase skin firmness [13]. Previous studies on proteoglycans, HA, and collagen have focused on their anti-aging and anti-wrinkle effects [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”