Adverse drug reactions (ADRS) reporting: awareness and reasons of under-reporting among health care professionals, a challenge for pharmacists

Abstract

Objectives To measure awareness about adverse drug reaction (ADRs) reporting among doctors, pharmacists and nurses and to determine reasons of ADRs under-reporting in Pakistan.MethodsIn present study, a self-administered questionnaire was used to measure the awareness level about ADRs reporting among health care professionals (HCPs) of Pakistan. This was a cross sectional study.ResultsOut of the respondents 51 % were physicians, 29.7 % pharmacists and 19.3 % were nurses. 65.5 % of HCP population observed ADRs, out of which only 57.4 % reported these in their respective hospitals. About 77.3 % of population understood the importance of reporting ADRs while 67.3 % of population agrees that pharmacists are chief personnel for the development of system. 71.8 % of HCPs agrees that ADRs are not reported because Community pharmacy lacks legally qualified pharmacists. Only 14.3 % of HCPs population knows that there is any ADR reporting organization in Pakistan.ConclusionThe study recommends the need of such reporting system and more than half of the studied population agreed that pharmacists are required in developing such system.

Adverse drug event reporting by pharmacists: a systematic literature review

“…However, some studies show statistically significant differences between the healthcare professionals. Among studies that included other healthcare professionals, pharmacists were more likely to see an ADE and more likely to be aware about the existence of pharmacovigilance centres and reporting forms compared to doctors and nurses . No difference in the mean knowledge/attitudes was found between the three healthcare professional in some studies or reporting rate .…”

“…Many studies included in this review lacked a theoretical framework. In papers in which a theoretical framework was utilized, Inmans’ seven deadly sins for not reporting ADEs; Knowledge‐Attitude‐Practice Model (KAP); and theory of planned behaviour were the most frequently used theories to understand pharmacists' reporting of ADEs …”

“…[24,[36][37][38] Many studies included in this review lacked a theoretical framework. In papers in which a theoretical framework was utilized, Inmans' seven deadly sins for not reporting ADEs [32,33,35,39,40] ; Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Model (KAP) [29][30][31]34,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] ; and theory of planned behaviour were the most frequently used theories to understand pharmacists' reporting of ADEs. [57] reporting [58] and knowledge [59] of ADEs in two studies.…”

“…Among studies that included other healthcare professionals, pharmacists were more likely to see an ADE and more likely to be aware about the existence of pharmacovigilance centres and reporting forms compared to doctors and nurses. [25,28,42,46,[67][68][69][70] No difference in the mean knowledge/attitudes was found between the three healthcare professional in some studies [27,33,71,72] or reporting rate. [67] However, other studies found that pharmacists have better knowledge of ADEs than nurses [50,73] and pharmacists have better mean knowledge score compared to physicians.…”

Creating and evaluating an opportunity for medication reconciliation in the adult population of South Africa to improve patient care

“…This must be balanced against published studies in public hospitals in South Africa finding 37 adverse events per 100 admissions, with 67.8% of these occurring during the patient's hospitalisation and 32.2% being present on admission (29). Furthermore, more adverse events to medicines occur within hospitals, including those in South Africa, than are currently being reported through voluntary reporting systems (3,(30)(31)(32)(33). This has increased the role of pharmacy technicians to improve patient safety through performing medication reconciliation (24,34).…”