Aflatoxins Production by Aspergillus flavus, Isolated from Different Foodstuffs Commonly Used in Jeddah Region, Saudi Arabia

Bokhari, Fardos M.

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2002.69.74

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This means that seeds at 10% were more vigorous than at 50%, on other words the adverse effects of mycotoxins in CF on seeds increased by increasing concentrations. This is in agreement with the findings of other researchers (Crisan, 1973;Jones et al, 1980;Bokhari, 2002;Janardhan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Toxicity Testsupporting

confidence: 94%

Evaluation and Detection of Ochratoxins and Aflatoxins of Aspergillus piperis by Fluorometric Spectroscopy, Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blotting Techniques

El-Debaiky

2020

Egypt. J. Bot.

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T OTAL ochratoxins (OTs) and aflatoxins (AFs) of Aspergillus piperis were quantitively detected by fluorometric spectroscopy in both fungal biomass (FB) and culture filtrate (CF). OTs were detected with high concentrations; 38˟10 -3 and 32˟10 -3 μg/g in fungal biomass and culture filtrate of A. piperis respectively, while, AFs recorded lower concentrations; 3.3˟10 -3 and 2.3˟10 -3 μg/g. Consequently, different types of OTs produced in FB and CF of A. piperis were identified using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. The molecular weights (MWs) of protein bands from SDS-PAGE step revealed the presence of ochratoxin B, ochratoxin α and ochratoxin C (OTB, OTα and OTC) in FB of A. piperis but, the results revealed that, only OTB and OTα were found in the CF. The MWs of OTB, OTα and OTC were found to be 363, 260,430 KDa respectively. Also, these findings were confirmed by western blotting technique using the antibodies of OTB, OTα and OTC. Toxicity of different concentrations of CF of A. piperis was tested in vitro on seed germination of broad bean (Vicia faba).

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Section: Toxicity Testsupporting

confidence: 94%

Evaluation and Detection of Ochratoxins and Aflatoxins of Aspergillus piperis by Fluorometric Spectroscopy, Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blotting Techniques

El-Debaiky

2020

Egypt. J. Bot.

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“…Ashraf (Ashraf, 2012 ) studied the occurrence of AFs in dry nuts consumed in the KSA and found that AFB 1 was detected in 92% of cashew nuts, six of them exceeding the ML of 5 μg/kg set by the EU, whereas a lower contamination level was found in macadamia samples (~85% of the samples). In contrast, Bokhari (Bokhari, 2001 ) determined the levels of AFs in various food groups, such as cereal grains, spices, nuts, beans, and oilseeds, in the KSA. Similarly, the highest AFB 1 levels were detected in oilseeds and cereal grains with mean concentrations of 12.9 and 8.02 μg/kg, respectively; however, they found lower levels in the beans and nuts (mean concentrations of 1.99 and 2.73 μg/kg, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varying levels of AFs have been reported for many food products consumed in the KSA. Commodities of the most commonly consumed food items such as cereals and grain products, nuts and seeds, legumes, coffee, baked goods, and spices have been reported to contain AFs (Abdullah AlFaris et al, 2020 ; Bokhari, 2001 ; El Tawila et al, 2020 ; Serdar et al, 2020 ). The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) has established an annual National Food Monitoring Program (NFMP) to measure contaminant levels in food and check compliance with established MLs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxins in food products consumed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A preliminary dietary risk assessment

Alamir,

Almaiman,

Alrujib

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Aflatoxins (AFs) are hepatotoxic, mutagenic, genotoxic, and immunosuppressive toxins. Several food commodities consumed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are susceptible to AF contamination because of improper storage practices and the warm and humid climate of the country. Therefore, the occurrence of AFs in 2388 food samples was measured and the estimated daily intake (EDI) of AFs in Saudi adults was assessed. The risks of AFB1 exposure were characterized using the margin of exposure (MoE) approach and by estimating the number of possible hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases in the KSA. The results revealed that 12.1% of the analyzed samples were contaminated with AFs and the highest concentration of total AFs was observed in the nut and seed group. The mean EDI of AFB1 was estimated to be 0.21 and 0.55 ng/kg body weight (bw)/day for the lower bound (LB) and upper bound (UB) scenarios, respectively. The MoEs were estimated to be 1902.4 and 722.1, while the estimated liver cancer risk ranged from 0.002 to 0.008 cancer cases/year/100,000 persons. Based on the study's findings, contamination with AFs in the KSA is low; however, AFs are considered potent genotoxic contaminants, and therefore, exposure through food should be kept as low as possible.

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“…AFB1 was most often found to be 26.1 percent of the samples are aflatoxins, in particular meat, cereal as well as oil seeds (Bokhari, 2002). The overall level of exposure of aflatoxins to shell walnuts is 40%, with no shell at 70%, and peanuts with shell at 40 percent, is observed in KPK and northern parts of Pakistan (Luttfullah and Hussain, 2011).…”

Section: Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Aflatoxins production and its various Control strategies: A Review

Hassan

Afzal

2022

LGUJLS

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Mycotoxins specifically the aflatoxins contaminate about 25% of the agricultural products in the world. They effect greatly the growth rate, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. There is a great economical loss to farmers due to loss of food values and effecting human as well as animal health. The different preventive measures are in use to control fungal contamination such as chemicals (acids, bases, and salts), HSCAS ,zeolite polymers, activated charcoal and yeast with variable findings. Fraction of yeast sludge has proved to minimize the adverse effects of aflatoxicosis due to the presence of manno-oligosaccharides in its cell wall. The present review highlights the remedial measures particularly yeast sludge to control aflatoxicosis.

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Aflatoxins Production by Aspergillus flavus, Isolated from Different Foodstuffs Commonly Used in Jeddah Region, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation and Detection of Ochratoxins and Aflatoxins of Aspergillus piperis by Fluorometric Spectroscopy, Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blotting Techniques

Evaluation and Detection of Ochratoxins and Aflatoxins of Aspergillus piperis by Fluorometric Spectroscopy, Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blotting Techniques

Aflatoxins in food products consumed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A preliminary dietary risk assessment

Assessment of Aflatoxins production and its various Control strategies: A Review

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