Age‐related changes to characteristics of the human eyes in women from six different ethnicities

Abstract

The ocular region (eyes, eyelids, eyelashes, and eyebrows) owns clear esthetical properties, as potent vectors of attractiveness among humans. The latter aspect accounts for the numerous cosmetic products destined to adorn this anatomical region. This corrective procedure is anything but recent, magnified by the bust of Queen Nefertiti (Egyptian Museum, Berlin/Germany), of a deep and elegant glaze. Our six local R&D facilities,

Morphometric characteristics of feminine eyebrows: variations with ethnicities and age

“…Although a significant difference of changes with age between ethnicities was not obtained, all data suggest a similar trend. These increased angles, observed in each ethnic group, are likely linked to a progressive drooping of the temple/crow's feet regions with age, as previously observed in the outer canthus of the eyes [14].…”

“…In addition, the present work indeed presents some limits in the accuracy of the measurements, mostly linked to the reproducibility in the marking spots. The latter closely depend: (i) on the three operator's inter‐reproducibility (about 2%, ), (ii) on the natural hair colour (and thickness) and its contrast with the skin complexion, an aspect that is particularly obvious in Caucasian women with fair hairs and fair skin or, inversely, in African or Indian women with dark eyebrows. This technical setback, classically met in the Phototrichogramm technique, dedicated to scalp hairs , is much circumvented in Chinese or Japanese women where dark eyebrows much better contrast with a rather fair skin complexion, leading to more accurate markings.…”

“…The protocol adopted for the eyebrows strictly followed the same framework and procedures (manual markings, image analysis and conversion of pixels into metric units by the three same operators) than the one used in the previous study . All photographed eyebrows were bare, corresponding to their status prior the application of products.…”

“…In a previous study , 11 morphometric criteria of the human eyes of 3600 women, of six different ethnicities and five age groups (18–84 years: 18–30, 30–40, 40–50, 50–60, 60–84) were recorded through image analysis of standard digital photographs. This study revealed some ethnic divergences and a clear influence of the ageing process on some signs (dropping of the upper eyelid, ptosis of the external eye canthus etc.).…”

Gender‐related differences in the facial aging of Chinese subjects and their relations with perceived ages

“…Our findings rather suggest that the human brain rapidly inte- and nature-and apparent ages. Moreover, it is possible that the shape of nose or eyes, 26 pigmentary spots, skin color, sagging of the eyelids 27,28 etc create an additional network of visual information that was not studied here. In addition, it cannot be excluded that the naïve panel, that only comprised Chinese women of different ages, was more accustomed in deciphering some feminine traits than those of men where Table 5 shows, in some signs, less significant correlation coefficients with the perceived ages of men.…”