Age stratified Seroprevalence of Cytomegalo virus in children

Abstract

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus seroprevalance in developing countries is found to be high but there is no recent study done in India especially in children. Primary CMV infection is asymptomatic, but the virus remains latent in organs and children shed the virus in their urine and saliva for a long period. Primary infection can cause major consequences in growing fetus, premature infants, and immune deficient individuals especially those with AIDS. It highlights the need for sero negative blood for transfusion. Methods: This cross sectional study done in children of the age group 0 to 18 years, serum samples were collected randomly from the children and neonates were used for IgG anti-CMV antibody titration by ELISA kit. Data were analyzed by SPSS, Windows version 15. Chi-squar tests were applied. Result: The overall prevalence was 84%. The prevalence in age groups 1-28 days, 28 days to 1 year, 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-18 years were 92.8%, 87.5%, 86.2%, 85%, 69.2%, 100% respectively. There was no statistically significant association between CMV sero prevalence and age, gender, residential area. Conclusions: Study shows a high prevalence of CMV infection in the age group especially chance of acquiring the infection drastically increases in the 1-5 years and 5-10 years population. High prevalence in neonates but relatively low prevalence in infants suggests maternal transmission rather than intrauterine infection. It is prudent to provide CMV screened blood products especially for preterms, immune deficient individuals.

Hepatic interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor a expression in infants with neonatal cholestasis and cytomegalovirus infection

“…The prevalence of CMV infection in age groups 1-28 days and 28 days to 1 year were 92.8% and 87.5% respectively, suggesting that CMV infection is highly prevalent in Indian children. However, passive transfer of CMV IgG antibodies from the mother could be a confounding factor [ 22 ]. Dollard et al .…”

“…The prevalence of CMV infection in age groups 1-28 days and 28 days to 1 year were 92.8% and 87.5% respectively, suggesting that CMV infection is highly prevalent in Indian children. However, passive transfer of CMV IgG antibodies from the mother could be a confounding factor [22]. Dollard et al found presence of CMV IgG in 27% of healthy children from 6 months to 5 years, of which 3 out of 13 positives were also CMV IgM positive, suggestive of recent primary infection.…”