Ageing of polyamide 11 in acid solutions

Serpe, G.; Chaupart, N.; Verdú, J.

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(96)00705-7

Cited by 52 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This suggests the presence of compounds with lower molar mass in the polymeric matrix, like oligomers, which result from random chain scission reactions caused by product hydrolysis. 3,6,22 This behavior is also commonly found in hydrolytic degradation studies of other linear polycondensates such as polyesters 23,24 and polycarbonates. 25,26 In Figure 5(b), a more pronounced increase in T m can be observed for PA-11 as a function of ageing time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Samples were cut to dimensions of 13.0 Â 34.5 Â 5.5 mm 3 , set in brackets of stainless steel and submerged in the ageing fluid inside a 2 L reactor with a removable lid. To prevent accidents caused by the expansion of the liquid, 75% of the total volume was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8(c,d)]. Three mechanisms of crack formation in PA-11 are known, 3 but only two are useful for the explanation of this morphologic formation. The first mechanism is an osmotic process that promotes the dissolution of organic compounds from the hydrolysis of the polymer in water.…”

Section: 2728mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ageing of polyamide 11 used in the manufacture of flexible piping

Romão

Castro

Filho

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The influence of temperature and pH on the ageing of piping made from polyamide 11 (PA-11) was studied using water from an oilfield (pH ¼ 5.5) and deionized water (pH ¼ 7.0) with monitoring by corrected inherent viscosity (CIV) measurements. The hydrolytic degradation was more extensive at high temperatures in oilfield water. When the system reaches equilibrium, the pH affects mainly the CIV plateau values. Thermogravimetry, energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy measurements were also used to investigate aspects involved in the ageing PA-11. The hydrolytic degradation of PA-11 leads to formation of low molar mass compounds, such as oligomers dispersed in the polymeric matrix. This is a process that occurs preferentially in the amorphous domain of PA-11, which leads to an increase in the degree of crystallinity and the formation of a new c-phase.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ageing of polyamide 11 used in the manufacture of flexible piping

Romão

Castro

Filho

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Gravimetry has been applied for instance to PET (4) , Polyamide 11 (5) or polysilanols (6) ; it allows to deduce the hydrolysis rate readily from mass uptake if the formation of small (soluble) fragments can be neglected, i.e., at low conversions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslink Density Changes during the Hydrolysis of Tridimensional Polyesters

Richaud

Pierre

Coquillat

et al. 2014

Macro Theory & Simulations

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is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. The hydrolysis of almost ideal networks based on macrodiols (poly(adipate of ethylene glycol)) of average molar mass about 2 kg/mol, with L=18 ester groups per chain has been studied. Tensile testing was used to evaluate the crosslink density through the statistical theory of rubber elasticity at two temperatures and three values of relative humidity. A kinetic model for ester consumption including an autocatalysis term was proposed and combined with two original approaches for modeling the crosslink density changes. This allowed kinetic parameters of hydrolysis to be determined, and very good predictions were obtained for the variations of crosslink density (or elastic modulus) in the three aging conditions considered.The initial curvature of elastic modulus vs. time was predicted positive for weak autocatalysis and negative for strong autocatalysis. The obtained conversion ratio at degelation was found to decrease sharply with the number of esters per elastically active chain.

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“…Thus, the water sorption and transport properties in nylons have been extensively studied. [2][3][4][5][6] These studies showed that the interaction of water with nylon took place at the hydrophilic amide groups in the amorphous phase and reduced the interchain hydrogen bond strength of the N-H groups. Attempts have been made to develop novel techniques for the prevention or reduction of moisture sorption in nylons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface passivation of nylon-6,6 films by graft copolymerization for reduction of moisture sorption

Zhang¹,

Khong²,

Kang³

2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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To improve the moisture sorption property of nylon‐6,6 film, ally pentafluorobenzene (APFB) was incorporated on the argon plasma‐pretreated nylon film by UV or thermally induced surface graft copolymerzation. The plasma pretreatment introduced peroxides that were degraded into radicals to initiate the graft copolymerization of APFB on the nylon surface. The modified surfaces were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The moisture sorption was assessed by the coulometric test method. The efficiency of surface graft copolymerization was affected by plasma pretreatment time of the nylon substrate, as well as by the UV or thermal graft copolymerization time. The UV graft‐copolymerized nylon film exhibited a significantly lower extent of moisture sorption when compared to that of the pristine films, even at low graft concentration. However, the moisture sorption behavior for the thermally graft copolymerized films was similar to that of the pristine films. Contact angle and XPS measurements suggested that the reduction in moisture sorption for the UV graft‐copolymerized nylon‐6,6 film was attributable to the fact that the hydrophobic polymer layer was formed on the nylon surface, and the hydrophobic layer of an appropriate thickness could serve as an effective barrier to moisture. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 1366–1373, 2000

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Ageing of polyamide 11 in acid solutions

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Ageing of polyamide 11 used in the manufacture of flexible piping

Ageing of polyamide 11 used in the manufacture of flexible piping

Crosslink Density Changes during the Hydrolysis of Tridimensional Polyesters

Surface passivation of nylon-6,6 films by graft copolymerization for reduction of moisture sorption

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