AIP1, a Water-Soluble Fraction from Artemisia iwayomogi, Suppresses Thymocyte Apoptosis in Vitro and Down-Regulates the Expression of Fas Gene

Abstract

The AIP1 fraction, a small water-soluble fraction purified from Artemisia iwayomogi, was shown to increase antibody production and suppress transplanted tumor cell growth in mice. In order to understand its immunomodulating activity, we have examined the effect of the AIP1 on mouse thymocytes in vitro. Treatment of mouse thymocytes in culture with the fraction resulted in the suppression of the cell death and the extension of the cell survival. A mouse gene array provided a profile of gene expression change showing the pattern of up-and downregulated genes by the AIP1 treatment, suggesting that the Fas/FasL-dependent apoptosis pathway might be modulated by the fraction.

C. zeylanicum aqueous extract induced apoptosis in the human myelocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1)

“…One of the strategies for treatments of cancer is prevent DNA synthesis or mitosis by blocking the progression of cell cycle in cells of the preneoplastic and malignant. Pharmaceutical plants have lethal impact on malignant or mutants cells by stopping the growth and proliferation (5).…”

A Carbohydrate Fraction, AIP1, fromArtemisia IwayomogiReduces the Action Potential Duration by Activation of Rapidly Activating Delayed Rectifier K+Channels in Rabbit Ventricular Myocytes

“…For example, both AIP1 and the ethanol-soluble fraction of the hot-water extract of A. iwayomogi lowered serum total-cholesterol levels and inhibited fibrosis and lipid oxidation in fibrotic rats [9]. Treatment of mouse thymocytes with AIP1 resulted in the suppression of cell death and improved cell survival, by suppression of the Fas/FasLdependent apoptotic pathway [12,13,19]. Furthermore, treatment of mouse spleen cells with the AIP1 fraction suppressed apoptosis via the modulation of apoptosis-related genes [11].…”

“…For example, the AIP1 fraction increased antibody production and suppressed transplanted tumor cell growth [10]. The AIP1 fraction may also be involved in the survival of immune cells, either by suppressing apoptosis or by stimulating cell proliferation [11][12][13]. To date, however, the influence of AIP1 on cardiac function has not been elucidated.…”

A carbohydrate fraction, AIP1 from Artemisia iwayomogi suppresses pulmonary eosinophilia and Th2-type cytokine production in an ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Down-regulation of TNF-α expression in the lung

“…The average molecular weight of the mixture is less than 1000 Da based on the high performance size exclusion chromatography (unpublished observations, Youn HJ). The AIP1 fraction has modulatory effects on the expression of several genes in murine thymocytes [34,35]. We are currently trying to identify the active component of AIP1 and to reveal the mechanisms underlying the functions of AIP1.…”

“…NO synthesized by the action of iNOS and its derivatives such as ONOO − play a detrimental role in inflammation and asthma [32]. AIP1, a water-soluble carbohydrate fraction from A. iwayomogi, showed anti-tumor and immuno-modulating activities [33] and suppressed spontaneous or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzop-dioxin-induced apoptotic death of mouse thymocytes probably by down-regulating Fas gene expression [34,35].…”