Air as the renewable carbon source of the future: an overview of CO2 capture from the atmosphere

A Fine-Tuned Fluorinated MOF Addresses the Needs for Trace CO2 Removal and Air Capture Using Physisorption

“…Inopportunely, the worldwide energy needs have doubled the fossil fuel consumption in the last two decades, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] as a result of the eminent economic growth and the enhanced quality of living in emerging countries, and thus provoking the manifest and amplified global carbon dioxide emission. The foreseen deployment of a relatively cleaner alternative energy sources, e.g.…”

“…Explicitly, point-source carbon capture and storage (CCS) can be regarded as a plausible solution sanctioning the sustainable use of fossil fuels in power, steel and cement production plants, while direct air capture (DAC) can address and remediate the CO 2 emissions from mobile-sources such as automobiles and airplanes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Markedly, the DAC offers a great prospective to remotely capture the emitted CO 2 at a different distant location and time. It is to note that the CO 2 capture from air using the chemical adsorption technology has been deployed, for over seven decades, to maintain a safe level of CO 2 in confined spaces such as space shuttles and submarines, where access to fresh air is limited.…”

“…12,13 Nevertheless, the CO 2 concentrations and the associated CO 2 quantities to the DAC (400 ppm CO 2 , worldwide average of 54 kg/person/day) and to the point-source CCS (7-15% CO 2 , worldwide average of 38 kg/person/day) entail a relatively larger scale footprint and/or an excessive energy penalty than the requisites for the CO 2 capture in confined spaces (1-5 % CO 2 and 1 kg/person/day). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Perceptibly, the cost associated to the CO 2 capture in confined spaces is not a disturbing concern, as the compulsory objective is the effective removal of CO 2 and the subsequent procurement of the indispensable clean air. Noticeably, the low CO 2 concentration in air (400 ppm) and the compulsory low CO 2 level in confined spaces (< 0.5 %) position chemical adsorbents, such as aqueous alkylamine solutions and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) (80-120 kJ/mol), as the conventional benchmark materials, with a high CO 2 -selectivity even in the presence of water vapor, for the carbon capture in diluted CO 2 concentrations 8 Nevertheless, largescale widespread of the chemically driven separation approach is hampered by the prohibitive high-energy requirement for the CO 2 desorption/regeneration process.…”

New directions: Potential climate and productivity benefits from CO 2 capture in commercial buildings

“…Holmes and Keith (2012) have estimated the cost of air contacting (regeneration costs not included) at $60 per tonne of CO 2 for a functional prototype (Holmes et al, 2013). Cost estimates that include regeneration range broadly, from $20 to $1000 per tonne of CO 2 (Goeppert et al, 2012) . To remove 10 Tg CO 2 y À1 at this range of costs, the corresponding expense would amount to $0.2e10 billion per year.…”

Post-synthesis modification of porous organic polymers with amine: a task-specific microenvironment for CO2 capture

“…The rapidly increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide generated from combustion of fuels (include coal, petroleum and natural gas) has aroused environmental concern, as a result, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) gradually gain their growing popularity (D'Alessandro et al 2010;Sumida et al 2011;Goeppert et al 2012;Lu et al 2013;Wang and Xu 2014;Romanov et al 2015). Chemical absorption by aqueous solutions of ethanolamines (Brennecke and Gurkan 2010), which is most widely used CCS technique, suffer from several fatal defects including solvent loss, corrosion, and tremendous energy cost for the regeneration (Service 2004).…”