Air plasma for medical applications

Kuo, Spencer

doi:10.4236/jbise.2012.59061

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Atmospheric pressure plasmas, used in medical applications, can be generated by various electric discharges [1] [2] [3] [4]; however, plasmas have to be generated in a non-equilibrium state, so that the electron kinetic energy, gained from the electric source, is better used for producing reactive species, rather than for heating the plasma effluent; keeping plasma in low temperature. The reactive species carried by the plasma effluent can trigger biochemical reactions, which furnish biocidal effects for sterilization applications, speed up coagulation cascade for hemostasis applications, and promote wound healing [5]- [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Hemostasis of Cold Atmospheric Air Plasma

Kuo¹

2018

OJEM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficacy and mechanism of a cold atmospheric-pressure air plasma (CAAP), which carries abundant atomic oxygen (OI), on blood coagulation are studied. The tests on sodium citrate mixed blood-droplet samples show that 1) The heat delivered by the CAAP has no impact on the observed clot formation, 2) Plasma effluent activates platelets to promote coagulation state and cascade, and 3) The degree of clotting increases with the OI flux delivered by the CAAP. The full clotting time is shortened from about 25 minutes of the natural clotting time to about 16 s of the CAAP treatment time. The tests on smeared blood samples show that the reduction of the platelet count and the increase of RBC count are proportional to the applied OI flux. In vivo tests, using swine as animal model, swift hemostasis of large and deep cut wounds on the back by the CAAP treatment was demonstrated. A cut artery was sealed completely with 25 s treatment. The pressure applied by a finger on the cut artery could be removed immediately after the treatment and there was no re-bleed. Based on the in vitro test results and the animal model trials, CAAP coagulation mechanism is presented.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Hemostasis of Cold Atmospheric Air Plasma

Kuo¹

2018

OJEM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One such plasma generator [11] implements airflow and magnetic field to rotate elongated arc discharges. It functions as a blood coagulator by using atomic oxygen, carried in the plasma effluent to activate erythrocyte-platelet interactions, to stop blood bleeding from external wounds [12]. Chen et al [13] and Kuo et al [14] showed that this air plasma spray, carrying significant amount of atomic oxygen, could clot anti-coagulated whole blood samples in less than 20 seconds, which is much less than 30 minutes for an untreated sample to reach complete coagulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Plasma Spray for First Aid

Kuo¹

2016

OJEM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hemorrhage during trauma occurred in emergency situations is a significant challenge. It may be life threatening if it is not treated swiftly. A new device which can effectively stop bleeding to save life of injured person, especially in battlefield situations and accidents, is presented. A plasma generator is designed to generate a low temperature air plasma spray for treating wounds. The spectral spike at 777.4 nm in the emission spectrum of the plasma plume and the spatial distribution of this emission line's spectral intensity indicate that abundant atomic oxygen is generated and sprays out of the generator by about 25 mm. Atomic oxygen carried by the plasma spray can quickly activate the cascading of coagulation processes and works as dry disinfectant to advance healing. Tests on blood droplets reveal the strong dependence of blood clotting on the amount of atomic oxygen applied in the plasma treatment, which is maneuvered by increasing the plasma treatment time or decreasing the exposure distance; in both approaches, the degree of blood clotting increases. Treated smeared blood samples show that an increase of the erythrocyte concentration and a drastic decrease of the platelet count are also correlated to the increase of atomic oxygen dose applied in the plasma treatment. The results reveal the mechanisms of air plasma blood coagulation and wound healing. As animal models, pigs were used in the tests of stopping wound bleeding from a cross cut in the ham area, from a hole in an ear's saphenous vein, and from cuts to arteries in an ear and in a real leg, all stopped swiftly. Moreover, both artery cuts were secure to remove tourniquet; downgrade of tourniquet necessary wound in under 2 minutes was demonstrated. The healing progress of cross cut wounds was observed. The healing time was shortened to about half. This battery power plasma spray can be carried to or placed at anywhere available for first aid applications. It stops bleeding swiftly to save life, and also downgrades tourniquet necessary wound to extend the golden period of saving the remaining part below tourniquet.

show abstract

“…From these backgrounds, recently studies on the application of a nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma to blood coagulation have been attracting special attentions as an alternative to thermal cauterization methods because it causes little damage to human tissue. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Hereafter, medical equipment using a low temperature nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma is called a low energy ionized gas coagulation equipment (LE-IGCE). Fridmann et al 9 observed blood clot formation using a floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma without visible or microscopic tissue damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fridmann et al 9 observed blood clot formation using a floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma without visible or microscopic tissue damage. Kuo et al 10,11 tested a nonthermal air plasma spray that produces plasma at relatively low temperatures below 55°C as an LE-IGCE for blood coagulation. Choi et al 12 developed a 900 MHz atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet with low temperature below 47°C and studied the acceleration of blood coagulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Thermal Characteristics of Ionized Gas Coagulation Equipment

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low energy ionized gas coagulation equipment (LE-IGCE) using low temperature nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasmas has been attracting special attention with the popularization of minimally invasive surgery. In this work, the thermal characteristics of a commercial high energy ionized gas coagulation equipment (HE-IGCE) and a specially designed LE-IGCE have been studied using an infrared camera and optical emission spectroscopy during their treatments. The four substrates used for the treatments were pork meats, copper (Cu) plates, wet tissues, and glass plates. In the HE-IGCE treatment, the surface temperature of the pork meat rose to 350°C, and the rotational temperatures of nitrogen molecules in plasmas were 450 to 1630 K, depending on which substrate was used during HE-IGCE treatments. In the LE-IGCE treatment, the surface temperature of pork meats was lower than 40°C, and the rotational temperatures of nitrogen molecules were lower than 350 K. The results show that the LE-IGCE can maintain the temperature of biological tissue below the threshold that would cause irreversible tissue damage.

show abstract

Air plasma for medical applications

Cited by 24 publications

References 67 publications

On Hemostasis of Cold Atmospheric Air Plasma

On Hemostasis of Cold Atmospheric Air Plasma

Air Plasma Spray for First Aid

Study on Thermal Characteristics of Ionized Gas Coagulation Equipment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About