Air staging to reduce emissions from energy crop combustion in small scale applications

Carroll, John P.; Finnan, John; Biedermann, Friedrich; Brunner, T.; Obernberger, Ingwald

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.04.008

Cited by 55 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…6,11 In many applications of solid fuel combustion, such as boilers, heaters, and cookstoves, an effective method for reducing unwanted emissions is injecting secondary air into the combustion chamber. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Carefully positioned, high-velocity jets of secondary air generate turbulent mixing that is typically lacking in naturally drafted, diffusion flames. Air injection also provides oxygen directly to fuel-rich zones, thereby promoting more complete oxidation and higher combustion temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Secondary Air Injection in a Wood-Burning Cookstove: An Experimental Study

Caubel

Rapp

Chen

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Nearly 40% of the world's population regularly cooks on inefficient biomass stoves that emit harmful airborne pollutants, such as particulate matter (PM). Secondary air injection can significantly reduce PM mass emissions to mitigate the health and climate impacts associated with biomass cookstoves. However, secondary air injection can also increase the number of ultrafine particles emitted, which may be more harmful to health. This research investigates the effect of secondary air injection on the mass and size distribution of PM emitted during solid biomass combustion. An experimental wood-burning cookstove platform and parametric testing approach are presented to identify and optimize secondary air injection parameters that reduce PM and other harmful pollutants. Size-resolved measurements of PM emissions were collected and analyzed as a function of parametric stove design settings. The results show that PM emissions are highly sensitive to secondary air injection flow rate and velocity. Although increasing turbulent mixing (through increased velocity) can promote more complete combustion, increasing the total flow rate of secondary air may cause localized flame quenching that increases particle emissions. Therefore, biomass cookstoves that implement secondary air injection should be carefully optimized and validated to ensure that PM emission reductions are achieved throughout the particle size range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Secondary Air Injection in a Wood-Burning Cookstove: An Experimental Study

Caubel

Rapp

Chen

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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show abstract

“…In the absence of free oxygen content, nitrogen secluded from the solid fuel can hardly form a compound with oxygen to NO and NO2. Therefore, while the amount of excess air is decreasing, decreased free oxygen content is one of the reasons why NOX concentration in the flue gases is reduced [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Fig 8 Nox and Co Concentration Values Depending On Flammablmentioning

confidence: 99%

NOx removal by NH3 and flammable additives in the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) process

Sereika

Buinevičius

Puida

et al. 2017

mech

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“…As figure out that in the absence of free oxygen content, nitrogen secluded from the solid fuel can hardly form a compound with oxygen to NO and NO2. Therefore, while the amount of excess air is decreasing, decreased free oxygen content is one of the reasons why NOx concentration in the flue gases is reduced (Plečkaitienė et al 2013;Carroll et al 2015). When supplies of CH4 reached 117% of the fuel mass, NOx was reduced from an average -1010 mg/m 3 to 390 mg/m 3 .…”

Section: Ch4 Supply Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of NOx Emissions Decreasing Methods for Biofuel Boilers

Sereika

Buinevičius

Jančauskas

2017

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"

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Abstract. The main idea of research is to figure out the emissions of nitrogen oxides reduction using various type of reduction methods. In experiments were used NOx reduction methods: high CO emissions generation, flue gas recirculation, water and water vapor supply, selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR), and SNCR with flammable additive. This study presents emission and combustion results obtained burning furniture production waste which generates higher rate of NOx emissions. The result of research shows, that CO emission has the biggest impact factor -on reducing NOx emission. Burning fuel in combustion zone with first and secondary air ratio (40/60) and using methods for higher generation CO emissions reached 3.000 mg/m 3 which reduces NOx emissions up to 83%. Using selective non-catalytic reduction with traditional and flammable additives reduction of NOx emissions reached up to 55%.

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Air staging to reduce emissions from energy crop combustion in small scale applications

Cited by 55 publications

References 14 publications

Optimization of Secondary Air Injection in a Wood-Burning Cookstove: An Experimental Study

Optimization of Secondary Air Injection in a Wood-Burning Cookstove: An Experimental Study

NOx removal by NH3 and flammable additives in the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) process

Comparison of NOx Emissions Decreasing Methods for Biofuel Boilers

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