Alcohol intake and aortic stiffness in young men and women

Elzen, Annette P van den; Sierksma, Aafje; Oren, Ami; Vos, Lydia E; Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.; Grobbee, Diederick E.; Hendriks, H.; Uiterwaal, Cuno S.P.M.; Bots, Michiel L.

doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000163140.82212.16

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These findings contrast with those reported in middleaged Japanese men [22]. van den Elzen et al [19] now report an inverse association between alcohol consumption and vascular stiffness in young women but not in young men. A number of issues arise from their study.…”

contrasting

confidence: 61%

“…In the context of cardioprotection, in this issue of the journal, van den Elzen et al [19] address the possible beneficial effects of light to moderate drinking on vascular stiffness in 524 healthy young Dutch adults. The authors have previously reported that regular light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with decreased aortic stiffness in men and postmenopausal women aged over 40 years, as assessed by pulse wave velocity from the carotid to femoral arteries [20,21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: possible protection via effects on aortic stiffness

Beilin¹

2005

Journal of Hypertension

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contrasting

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: possible protection via effects on aortic stiffness

Beilin¹

2005

Journal of Hypertension

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“…Cross-sectional data from Holland described an inverse or J-shaped relation between alcohol intake and measures of aortic stiffness in middle-aged and older men and pre-and postmenopausal women 13,14 but not in younger men. 15 They recognized that these results might be confounded by other lifestyle factors but suggested that if they were causally linked direct effects of alcohol to improve vascular compliance might contribute to any cardioprotective effect.…”

Section: Effects On Large Vessel Structure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and Hypertension

2006

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G iven the social significance of alcohol worldwide it is not surprising that there is continuing strong interest in the relation between alcohol and hypertension. Recent research continues to address unresolved questions concerning the balance between the medical hazards and the cardiovascular benefits of alcohol, the possible significance of different types of beverage, the role of different drinking patterns for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and mechanisms underlying the pressor effects of ethanol. These issues all need to be considered in the context of social aspects of drinking and effects on noncardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Epidemiologic data relating the type or quantity of alcohol consumption to blood pressure or cardiovascular disease needs to be viewed with circumspection from a number of viewpoints. First, heavier drinkers or problems drinkers are far less likely to participate in surveys than others. Second, alcohol consumption past or present is notoriously underreported. Third, drinking patterns are difficult to quantify and often not reported at all. The type, quantity, and pattern of drinking are all highly correlated with socioeconomic and other lifestyle behaviors, 1 many of which may not be measured or not measured accurately enough for adequate adjustments in statistical models. A relation between average weekly alcohol consumption, blood pressure level, and hypertension prevalence has been consistent worldwide and continues to be studied in different populations to evaluate its contribution in relation to other risk factors. However, because of the above issues some caveats should be put on interpretation of data where authors emphatically imply causal relationships from statistical associations.The more recent cross-sectional studies have concentrated on the effects of pattern of drinking and the consumption of alcohol with or without food, beverage type, and the relative effects of alcohol on hypertension subtypes. Pattern of Drinking, Beverage Type, and Effects on Hypertension SubtypesThe relationship between the pattern of alcohol drinking and the risk of hypertension was addressed in a cross-sectional study of 2609 New Yorkers free from other cardiovascular disease 2 and considered further in an accompanying editorial 3 in which some of the key issues surrounding the topic were discussed. Compared with lifetime abstainers, those who reported drinking on a daily basis or apart from food had a significantly higher risk of hypertension, but this effect disappeared after accounting for the amount of alcohol consumed in the previous 30 days. When current drinkers only were studied and adjustment made for the amount of alcohol consumed in the previous 30 days, the risk of being hypertensive increased (64%) only in those who said they drank without food. Preference for any one type of beverage did not influence the association but the important potential confounder of dietary habits was not assessed. Nevertheless this finding was consistent with an earlier study of Italian...

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“…Subjects who smoked were not excluded from the study but were asked to refrain from smoking for 24 h (34,35). Similarly, subjects were required to abstain from coffee (34) and alcohol (33) for Ն12 h before the study. Subjects were not studied within 9 h of eating.…”

Section: Precatheterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of simultaneous pressure and velocity measurements to estimate arterial wave speed at a single site in humans

Davies

Whinnett

Francis

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

136

127

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. Use of simultaneous pressure and velocity measurements to estimate arterial wave speed at a single site in humans. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290: H878 -H885, 2006. First published August 26, 2005 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00751.2005.-It has not been possible to measure wave speed in the human coronary artery, because the vessel is too short for the conventional two-point measurement technique used in the aorta. We present a new method derived from wave intensity analysis, which allows derivation of wave speed at a single point. We apply this method in the aorta and then use it to derive wave speed in the human coronary artery for the first time. We measured simultaneous pressure and Doppler velocity with intracoronary wires at the left main stem, left anterior descending and circumflex arteries, and aorta in 14 subjects after a normal coronary arteriogram. Then, in 10 subjects, serial measurements were made along the aorta before and after intracoronary isosorbide dinitrate. Wave speed was derived by two methods in the aorta: 1) the two-site distance/time method (foot-to-foot delay of pressure waveforms) and 2) a new single-point method using simultaneous pressure and velocity measurements. Coronary wave speed was derived by the single-point method. Wave speed derived by the two methods correlated well (r ϭ 0.72, P Ͻ 0.05). Coronary wave speed correlated with aortic wave speed (r ϭ 0.72, P ϭ 0.002). After nitrate administration, coronary wave speed fell by 43%: from 16.4 m/s (95% confidence interval 12.6 -20.1) to 9.3 m/s (95% confidence interval 6.5-12.0, P Ͻ 0.001). This single-point method allows determination of wave speed in the human coronary artery. Aortic wave speed is correlated to coronary wave speed. Finally, this technique detects the prompt fall in coronary artery wave speed with isosorbide dinitrate. coronary artery hemodynamics; coronary arteries; wave intensity analysis; coronary velocity; coronary flow; interventional cardiology; pulse wave velocity METHODS HAVE NOT BEEN AVAILABLE to measure wave speed in the human coronary artery, but wave speed measured in the aorta has repeatedly been shown to predict cardiac events (3,17,19). The standard approach for measuring wave speed relies on measurement of the time taken (␦t) for a pressure wave to travel between two sites a known distance apart (␦s). The pressure curves at the two sites may be acquired simultaneously with a pair of transducers or, alternatively, with one transducer moved between two positions with subsequent gating to the R wave of the ECG. The time delay (␦t) is measured between the arrival of an identifiable point on the pressure wave, such as the "foot," and wave speed (c), calculated as follows: c ϭ ␦s/␦t. This method is commonly referred to as the "foot-to-foot" method. Early work was invasive, in that catheters were used to acquire simultaneous pressure waveforms in the aorta (7). Arterial waveforms are more commonly acquired using pressure transducers, Doppler ultrasound, or applanation tonometry at peripheral sites. With ...

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Alcohol intake and aortic stiffness in young men and women

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: possible protection via effects on aortic stiffness

Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: possible protection via effects on aortic stiffness

Alcohol and Hypertension

Use of simultaneous pressure and velocity measurements to estimate arterial wave speed at a single site in humans

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