Alexia with agraphia due to the left posterior inferior temporal lobe lesion—Neuropsychological analysis and its pathogenetic mechanisms

Kawahata, Nobuya; Nagata, Ken; Shishido, Fumio

doi:10.1016/0093-934x(88)90070-3

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The close linkage of Kanji and semantics in the left basal temporal cortex is supported by neuropsychological studies of alexia in Japanese readers. Those studies confirm that damage to the left inferior temporal area can affect the reading of Kanji while leaving that of Kana almost intact, and further demonstrate this particular form of alexia often appears in conjunction with anomia (Sakurai, Sakai, Sakuta, & Iwata, 1994;Yokota, Ishiai, Furukawa, & Tsukagoshi, 1990;Soma, Sugishita, Kitamura, Maruyama, & Imanaga, 1989;Kawahata, Nagata, & Shishido, 1988). This may reflect the fact that naming of objects and reading of Kanji both place a particular emphasis on semantic access prior to phonological retrieval.…”

Section: General Discussion Commonalities and Differences In Reading supporting

confidence: 51%

Subliminal Convergence of Kanji and Kana Words: Further Evidence for Functional Parcellation of the Posterior Temporal Cortex in Visual Word Perception

Nakamura

Dehaene

Jobert

et al. 2005

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

143

116

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Abstract& Recent evidence has suggested that the human occipitotemporal region comprises several subregions, each sensitive to a distinct processing level of visual words. To further explore the functional architecture of visual word recognition, we employed a subliminal priming method with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during semantic judgments of words presented in two different Japanese scripts, Kanji and Kana. Each target word was preceded by a subliminal presentation of either the same or a different word, and in the same or a different script. Behaviorally, word repetition produced significant priming regardless of whether the words were presented in the same or different script. At the neural level, this cross-script priming was associated with repetition suppression in the left inferior temporal cortex anterior and dorsal to the visual word form area hypothesized for alphabetical writing systems, suggesting that cross-script convergence occurred at a semantic level. fMRI also evidenced a shared visual occipito-temporal activation for words in the two scripts, with slightly more mesial and right-predominant activation for Kanji and with greater occipital activation for Kana. These results thus allow us to separate script-specific and script-independent regions in the posterior temporal lobe, while demonstrating that both can be activated subliminally. &

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Section: General Discussion Commonalities and Differences In Reading supporting

confidence: 51%

Subliminal Convergence of Kanji and Kana Words: Further Evidence for Functional Parcellation of the Posterior Temporal Cortex in Visual Word Perception

Nakamura

Dehaene

Jobert

et al. 2005

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

143

116

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“…On the contrary, other studies demonstrated the opposite pattern, which indicates a double dissociation between Kana and Kanji processing (12,17). Other investigators further showed that Kanji alexia can be dissociated from Kanji agraphia (3)(4)(5)9). Our patient showed an impairment for both reading and writing of Hanja.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Many studies of phonogram and ideogram originated from Japanese in which dual orthographic system is employed; Kana (phonograms) and Kanji (ideograms) (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Japanese authors have found a double dissociation between Kana and Kanji impairments in brain-damaged patients and reported that Kanji is processed mainly in left posterior inferior temporal area (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hanja Alexia with Agraphia After Left Posterior Inferior Temporal Lobe Infarction: A Case Study

et al. 2002

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INTRODUCTIONVery few countries in the world use languages that can be written in both ideogram, a graphic record of a meaning, and phonogram, a graphic record of a sound. Reading or writing impairment of these two written systems after brain damage may provide information about whether or not phonogram and ideogram are mediated in different brain regions.Many studies of phonogram and ideogram originated from Japanese in which dual orthographic system is employed; Kana (phonograms) and Kanji (ideograms) (1-12). Japanese authors have found a double dissociation between Kana and Kanji impairments in brain-damaged patients and reported that Kanji is processed mainly in left posterior inferior temporal area (4-9). On the contrary, there have been few studies on Korean written language (13,14), another orthographic system that also uses both phonogram (Hangul) and Chinese ideogram (Hanja). We report a man with alexia and agraphia for Hanja but intact reading and writing for Hangul after a left posterior inferior temporal lobe infarction. Interestingly, the patient was an expert in Hanja as he had been a calligrapher over 40 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Case ReportA 64-yr-old right-handed man was admitted to our department because of a blurred vision and paresthesia on the right extremities. Three days before admission, on waking up, he felt narrowed right visual field with dizziness and headache in addition to paresthesia and clumsiness in the right extremities. On the next morning, he noticed a weakness on his right arm and could not remember the names of his close friends.His past medical history revealed a gout 13 yr before, a pneumonia 10 yr before, and hypertension for several years for which he had been on antihypertensive drugs intermittently. The history of diabetes mellitus or episodes of stroke was denied. He was a social drinker and non-smoker. He was educated for 12 yr and learned Hanja since childhood. He had been a Hanja calligrapher over 40 yr and he once received an award in a famous national calligraphy contest.On physical examination, blood pressure was 150/100 mmHg but heart beat was regular. He was fully conscious and oriented to time, place, and person. He scored 27/30 on

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“…Double dissociation between phonogram and ideogram has been reported in Japanese patients based on the selective impairment of Kanji or Kana reading after a stroke [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. According to these studies, the lesions of the patients with profound difficulties in Kana (phonogram) involved the middle to superior temporal lobe or the parietal lobe including the angular gyrus [1, 2, 6, 7], whereas the lesions associated with prominent difficulties in Kanji (ideogram) were usually located in the middle to inferior temporal lobe [2,3,4,5,7,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Dissociation of Hangul and Hanja Reading in Korean Patients with Stroke

et al. 2005

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The orthographic system of the Korean language consists of both phonogram (Hangul) and ideogram (Hanja). We report 2 patients who revealed selective impairment in reading either of orthographies after the brain damages. YJ, a 67-year-old man, showed Broca’s aphasia and severe apraxia of speech after a stroke in the left inferior parietal lobe. He demonstrated predominant difficulties in reading phonogram. KS, a 51-year-old woman, had an intracerebral hemorrhage in the left parietal lobe. She showed anomic aphasia and a selective impairment on reading ideogram. These findings support the notion that recognition of visual words is processed in different ways depending on the characteristics of orthographic systems.

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Alexia with agraphia due to the left posterior inferior temporal lobe lesion—Neuropsychological analysis and its pathogenetic mechanisms

Cited by 56 publications

References 7 publications

Subliminal Convergence of Kanji and Kana Words: Further Evidence for Functional Parcellation of the Posterior Temporal Cortex in Visual Word Perception

Subliminal Convergence of Kanji and Kana Words: Further Evidence for Functional Parcellation of the Posterior Temporal Cortex in Visual Word Perception

Hanja Alexia with Agraphia After Left Posterior Inferior Temporal Lobe Infarction: A Case Study

Double Dissociation of Hangul and Hanja Reading in Korean Patients with Stroke

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