Alkaloid, α‐galactoside and phytic acid changes in germinating lupin seeds

“…Seedling Toppel et al (1988) Cytisus scoparius Lupanine, 13-hydroxylupanine, 13-tigloyloxylupanine, tetrahydrohombifoline, 17-oxosparteine, (-)-3b-hydroxy13a-tigloyloxylupanine Seedling Wink and Witte (1985), Saito et al (1994) Datura innoxia Atropine, scopolamine Seedling Petri (1982) Festuca pratensis Loline Seedling Justus et al (1997) Glycine max Trigonelline Seedling Cho et al (2008) Heimia salicifolia Phenylquinolizidines (2-hydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) quinolizidines (3 and 9a) Seedling Rother and Schwarting (1975) Hordeum distichum Hydroxamic acids Seedling Argandoña et al (1980) Hordeum vulgare Gramine, hordenine, N-methyltyramine Germination, Seedling Leete andMarion (1954), Tyler (1958), Mann et al (1963), Lovett (1993), Å hman et al (2000), Matsuo et al (2001) Laburnun anagyroides Cytisine, N-methylcytisine, 5,6 dehydrolupanine, anagyrine, lupanine, rhombifoline, 13-hydroxyanagyrine, N-metilcytisine, ammondendrine Seedling Wink and Witte (1985) Lupinus albus Albine, a-isolupanine, lupanine, 13-hydroxylupanine, 13-angeloyloxylupanine, 13-tigloyloxylupanine, 13-benzoyloxylupanine, angustifoline, 17-oxolupanine, N-methylalbine, multiflorine Germination Wink (1983), Wink and Witte (1985), de la Cuadra et al (1994), de Cortes et al (2005 13-Tigloyloxylupanine, lupanine Seedling Wink (1983) Lupinus angustifolius Ester 13-tigloyloxylupanine Germination de Cortes et al (2005) Phytochem Rev biosynthesis studies); the indole alkaloids of Catharanthus roseus, studied by a group led by V. de Luca; and the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Papaveraceae and Berberidaceae, studied by a group led by P. Facchini circa 1990. In recent decades, the studies of chemical ecology that explain the function of hydroxamic acids against herbivorous aphids during the early development of wheat, barley, and maize (*20) and the allelopathic activity of Lupinus alkaloids (*15) are notable due to their abundance.…”

Section: Camellia Sinensismentioning

confidence: 98%

Secondary metabolites during early development in plants

2012

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Early development is a critical stage in a plant's life, as the plant must establish itself in the ecosystem during this period. The secondary metabolites (SM) during this phase is a strategy that contributes to the survival of plant species. Through a review of the literature, a number of reports were found that investigated the presence of SM during germination and early plant development (phases 0 and 1 according to the Zadoks and BBCH scales). A total of 250 reports were found that investigated 99 species and nearly 200 SM that accumulate during this period of the plant life cycle. A large portion of the SM are biosynthesised de novo, whereas the remainder are derived in part or in total from the mother plant. In many cases, the resources for biosynthesis are supplied only by the reserve material of the endosperm or cotyledons, which allows for independent photosynthesis. The presence of SM at these stages confers characteristics of more advanced stages, such as tissue-specific distribution, spatio-temporal regulation, and the individual regulation of all of the biosynthesised SM. The amount and diversity of SM are not universally related to the progress of plant development, but it is a widespread phenomenon. The early production of SM has ecological implications that involve defence mechanisms, relationships with microorganisms, and the role of these compounds as nitrogen reserves. This review contributes to the systematisation of studies on SM in the early stages of development.

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“…4,5 On the other hand, germination is regarded at present as one of the cheapest and most effective procedures to increase the nutritional value of legumes, supposedly through the breakdown of certain ANFs such as phytates, protease inhibitors, lectins and a-galactosides. [6][7][8] (Received 20 February 2002; accepted 24 June 2002) Previous studies with legumes such as faba beans and lupins suggest that their low nutritional value is due to the inefficient utilisation of their proteins by test animals. This appears to be due to poor nutritive quality of the major reserve proteins rather than to the presence of any known ANFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids in raw and germinated faba bean (Vicia faba)‐ and chickpea (Cicer arietinum)‐based diets for rats

Rubio¹,

Múzquiz²,

Burbano³

et al. 2002

J Sci Food Agric

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The effects of germinated faba bean (Vicia faba minor var Alameda)-and chickpea (Cicer arietinum kabuli var Athenas)-based diets on performance, N utilisation, amino acid ileal digestibility and plasma concentrations were studied in growing male Wistar rats. Raw and germinated faba bean and chickpea seed meals were incorporated in essential amino acid-supplemented and energyequalised diets as the only sources of protein. A lactalbumin-based diet equalised in protein (100 g kg À1 ) and digestible energy (15.5 kJ g À1 ) with the test diets was used as control. Weight gains, gain/feed ratios, N retention and NPU values of animals fed raw or germinated legumes were lower than those of rats given the control (lactalbumin) diet, while faecal dry weights were higher. However, N retention and NPU values of rats fed germinated faba bean diets were higher and faecal dry weights lower than those of animals fed non-germinated faba bean diets. Liver and thymus fresh and dry relative weights were lower than controls for all legume diets, whilst small intestine, caecum and colon relative weights were higher than controls for non-germinated faba beans and chickpeas either germinated or not. Caecum and colon fresh and dry relative weights of rats fed germinated faba bean seeds were lower than those of rats fed non-germinated faba beans and not different from controls. Except for aspartic acid and proline in rats fed raw faba bean diets, apparent ileal digestibilities of amino acids were not different or higher in rats fed legume diets as compared with controls. Except for arginine, apparent ileal amino acid digestibility was higher for germinated than for non-germinated faba bean seeds. The amounts of glycine, arginine and ornithine in plasma significantly increased whilst those of threonine, alanine, leucine and lysine decreased with respect to controls in faba bean-or chickpea-fed rats, either germinated or not. We conclude that (a) germination of faba bean seeds gave rise to a significant (P < 0.01) but limited improvement in performance, N retention and apparent ileal digestibilities of some amino acids in growing rats compared with non-germinated seeds, while there was no detectable effect in the case of germinated chickpea seeds, and (b) the apparent ileal amino acid digestibility of essential amino acid-supplemented diets based on faba bean or chickpea meals, either germinated or not, is similar or even higher than controls.

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Alkaloid, α‐galactoside and phytic acid changes in germinating lupin seeds

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Chemical Composition and Antinutrient Content of three Lupinus Species from Jalisco, Mexico

Chemical Composition and Antinutrient Content of three Lupinus Species from Jalisco, Mexico

Secondary metabolites during early development in plants

High apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids in raw and germinated faba bean (Vicia faba)‐ and chickpea (Cicer arietinum)‐based diets for rats

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