2004
DOI: 10.1021/ja048904y
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Alkylation of Alkenes:  Ethylaluminum Sesquichloride-Mediated Hydro-Alkyl Additions with Alkyl Chloroformates and Di-tert-butylpyrocarbonate

Abstract: A general method for the hydro-alkyl addition to the nonactivated C=C double bond of alkenes using alkyl chloroformates (primary, secondary), 12, and di-tert-butylpyrocarbonate, 52, mediated by ethylaluminum sesquichloride (Et(3)Al(2)Cl(3)) has been developed. Reaction of 12 and 52, respectively, with Et(3)Al(2)Cl(3) gives an alkyl cation which is added to the alkene; hydride transfer to the adduct carbenium ion or, if applicable, 1,2-H shift followed by hydride transfer from Et(3)Al(2)Cl(3) to the rearranged … Show more

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Cited by 49 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…These phenomena are very similar to those previously studied for phenyl chloroformate (2) 5 in all the solvents, suggesting that the addition step of an addition-elimination mechanism is rate-determining.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 87%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…These phenomena are very similar to those previously studied for phenyl chloroformate (2) 5 in all the solvents, suggesting that the addition step of an addition-elimination mechanism is rate-determining.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 87%
“…[1][2][3] In particular, they are very important substrates for the introduction of protecting groups during peptide synthesis. 4 We previously reported that the solvolyses of phenyl chloroformate (PhOCOCl, 2) 5 in a wide range of solvents and phenyl chlorothionoformate (PhOCSCl, 3) 6 in solvents of low ionization power and/or high nucleophilicity follow an addition-elimination mechanism (Scheme 1) using either the simple or extended Grunwald-Winstein equation 7 [eqs. (1) and (2), respectively].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Alkyl halogenoformate esters are important reagents which are widely used in physiological and biological studies. 4,5 A previously published study of the solvolysis of methyl chloroformate (MeOCOCl) 1 is extended to methyl fluoroformate (MeOCOF). Alkyl halogenoformate esters reactions are commonly classified into two types, namely an ionization mechanism [eqn.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[77] Die Lewis-Säure-induzierte Hydroalkylierung mit Chlorameisensäureestern ist eine neue, generell zur Alkylierung von Alkenen und insbesondere von ungesättigten Fettstoffen geeignete Methode. [78] Die Reaktion beispielsweise von Ölsäure (1 a) mit Chlorameisensäureisopropylester, induziert durch Ethylaluminiumsesquichlorid (Et 3 Al 2 Cl 3 ), ergab ein angenähertes 1:1-Gemisch der Regioisomere 9-(23) und 10-Isopropyloctadecansäure (Schema 6). Mechanistisch verläuft die Reaktion über die Spaltung des Chlorameisensäureisopropylesters durch Et 3 Al 2 Cl 3 in CO 2 und das Isopropylkation, das sich dann an die C-C-Doppelbindung addiert.…”
Section: Epoxidierung Und Produkte Von Epoxidenunclassified
“…Die Reaktion ist auch mit dem Chlorameisensäure-1-propyl-, -1-butyl-, -1-pentyl-sowie -2-pentylester als Alkylierungsreagens durchführbar. [78] Kettenverzweigte Fettsäuren wurden auch mit hoher Selektivität und guten Umsätzen durch zeolithkatalysierte Isomerisierung von 1 a nach katalytischer Hydrierung erhalten. [79] Für den Mechanismus der Isomerisierungen werden kationische Umlagerungen über Drei-und Vierringe als Intermediate postuliert.…”
Section: Epoxidierung Und Produkte Von Epoxidenunclassified