All in good time: Understanding annual and perennial strategies in plants

Friedman, Jannice; Rubin, Matthew J.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1500062

Cited by 88 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Nevertheless, evolutionary history could be relevant. Annual lineages are usually derived from perennial lineages (Friedman & Rubin, 2015) which will frequently be adapted for outcrossing. Strongly self-incompatible species suffer more pollen limitation than self-compatible species and especially when the latter are strongly autogamous (Larson & Barrett, 2000).…”

Section: R P Y G G a M S P M A D S A T H Y P T H R N A S Co M Chu Oppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovule bet‐hedging at high elevation in the South American Andes: Evidence from a phylogenetically controlled multispecies study

et al. 2018

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How animal‐pollinated plants support low and stochastic pollination in the high alpine is a key question in plant ecology. The ovule bet‐hedging hypothesis proposes compensation for stochastic pollination via ovule oversupply in flowers allowing the benefits of windfall pollination events to be reaped. Under this hypothesis, ovule number is expected to increase from tree line upward on high mountains characterized by steep declines in flower visitation rates and increasingly more variable pollination. Ovule/floret number was investigated for a total of 174 simple‐flowered and pseudanthial species in the central Chilean Andes (2,100–3,650 m.a.s.l.). Phylogenetic reconstruction was undertaken using ITS sequences and a constrained ordinal‐level backbone reflecting the APG‐IV topology. Ovule/floret number was modelled with ordinary least squares regression (OLS) and phylogenetic generalized least squares regression (PGLS) with elevation, floral biomass, life history, pollinator efficiency, pollination generalization, and seasonal flowering period as explanatory variables. The best performing OLS and PGLS models for simple‐flowered species consistently included vegetation belt and floral biomass, and with PGLS, pollination efficiency and flowering period. For pseudanthial species, explanatory variables were always floral biomass and its interaction with elevation. Effects of life history and generalized pollination was not found. Ovule/floret number showed high phylogenetic signal, increased with floral biomass and was generally higher in the upper alpine belt in both floral categories. Simple‐flowered species with efficient pollination and flowering early, respectively, had larger ovule numbers. Synthesis. Ovule number increases with elevation in the central Chilean alpine in two separate floral groups independently of some effects of flowering period and pollinator efficiency. Greater disparity in pollen deposition on stigmas than with inefficient pollination under low visitation rates might explain the association between efficient pollination and higher ovule numbers. Our study provides the first empirical evidence for ovule bet‐hedging in the alpine environment. Future studies on the ovule bet‐hedging hypothesis should include a measure of flower size.

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Section: R P Y G G a M S P M A D S A T H Y P T H R N A S Co M Chu Oppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovule bet‐hedging at high elevation in the South American Andes: Evidence from a phylogenetically controlled multispecies study

et al. 2018

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“…Individuals may not grow and reproduce if they are unable to acquire sufficient resources to reach important life history stages (Angert et al. , Reich , Friedman and Rubin ), they may allocate resources to any one life history stage at a cost to performance at later life history stages (Stearns , Reznick , Anderson et al. ), or they might develop at a rate that compromises resource acquisition in an unfamiliar environment (Ricklefs and Wikelski , Metcalfe and Monaghan , Lee et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organisms transplanted into foreign environments may suffer reduced fitness via several mechanisms. Individuals may not grow and reproduce if they are unable to acquire sufficient resources to reach important life history stages (Angert et al 2008, Reich 2014, Friedman and Rubin 2015, they may allocate resources to any one life history stage at a cost to performance at later life history stages (Stearns 1989, Reznick 1992, Anderson et al 2014, or they might develop at a rate that compromises resource acquisition in an unfamiliar environment (Ricklefs and Wikelski 2002, Metcalfe and Monaghan 2003. By quantifying development rate and exploring whether native and foreign populations experience the same rate of mortality after crossing developmental transitions we can investigate how natural selection reduces fitness in foreign environments to create fitness tradeoffs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally induced development costs underlie fitness tradeoffs

Walter

Wilkinson

Aguirre

et al. 2018

Ecology

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Local adaptation can lead to genotype-by-environment interactions, which can create fitness tradeoffs in alternative environments, and govern the distribution of biodiversity across geographic landscapes. Exploring the ecological circumstances that promote the evolution of fitness tradeoffs requires identifying how natural selection operates and during which ontogenetic stages natural selection is strongest. When organisms disperse to areas outside their natural range, tradeoffs might emerge when organisms struggle to reach key life history stages, or alternatively, die shortly after reaching life history stages if there are greater risks of mortality associated with costs to developing in novel environments. We used multiple populations from four ecotypes of an Australian native wildflower (Senecio pinnatifolius) in reciprocal transplants to explore how fitness tradeoffs arise across ontogeny. We then assessed whether the survival probability for plants from native and foreign populations was contingent on reaching key developmental stages. We found that fitness tradeoffs emerged as ontogeny progressed when native plants were more successful than foreign plants at reaching seedling establishment and maturity. Native and foreign plants that failed to reach seedling establishment died at the same rate, but plants from foreign populations died quicker than native plants after reaching seedling establishment, and died quicker regardless of whether they reached sexual maturity or not. Development rates were similar for native and foreign populations, but changed depending on the environment. Together, our results suggest that natural selection for environment-specific traits early in life history created tradeoffs between contrasting environments. Plants from foreign populations were either unable to develop to seedling establishment, or they suffered increased mortality as a consequence of reaching seedling establishment. The observation of tradeoffs together with environmentally dependent changes in development rate suggest that foreign environments induce organisms to develop at a rate different from their native habitat, incurring consequences for lifetime fitness and population divergence.

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“…Se ha propuesto, mediante modelos teóricos así como por datos empíricos, que la aparición de hábitos de vida monocárpicos está relacionada con la adaptación a ambientes de crecimiento desfavorables, en los que plantas perennes no son capaces de mantener su crecimiento vegetativo de una generación a otra (Barbier et al, 1991;Bleecker and Patterson, 1997;CruzMazo et al, 2009;Friedman and Rubin, 2015).…”

Section: Origen Del Hábito De Vida Monocárpicounclassified

La ruta FUL-AP2 y la longevidad de los meristemos en Arabidopsis thaliana. Bases moleculares y potencial biotecnológico

Fernandez¹

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A mis padres RESÚMENESLa ruta FUL-AP2 y la longevidad de los meristemos en Arabidopsis thaliana.Bases moleculares y potencial biotecnológico. RESUMENEl desarrollo de todos los órganos de la planta depende de la actividad de los meristemos y regiones adyacentes. Las plantas monocárpicas presentan un único ciclo reproductivo antes de su senescencia y muerte. La senescencia y muerte de estas plantas está precedida por una parada global de la proliferación de sus meristemos (GPA). De este modo, el número de flores/frutos que producen durante su vida depende de la actividad proliferativa de los meristemos apicales de las ramas y de cuando se produzca el GPA. El estudio de los mecanismos que controlan el GPA, así como un mayor conocimiento de los genes implicados en el mantenimiento de las células meristemáticas durante este proceso, proporcionaría herramientas muy útiles en los programas de mejora de cultivos para la obtención de variedades más productivas.EL GPA es un fenómeno descrito hace más de un siglo para varias plantas monocárpicas, y se han planteado diferentes hipótesis sobre los factores que lo desencadenan. Entre los factores propuestos se encuentran la existencia de relaciones fuente-sumidero o la regulación de la actividad meristemática por parte de los órganos reproductivos en desarrollo. Respecto al papel de los órganos reproductivos está bien definido un papel señalizador de las semillas en desarrollo, ya que la esterilidad de la planta o la poda de los frutos retrasan considerablemente el GPA. Por otro lado, en nuestro grupo se ha desvelado recientemente la que es probablemente la primera ruta genética propuesta de regulación de la longevidad del meristemo en plantas monocárpicas, y que incluye a los factores transcripcionales FRUITFULL (FUL) y APETALA2 (AP2) en el control temporal de este proceso en Arabidopsis thaliana. Esta ruta propone que con la edad los niveles de expresión del miR172 y de FUL aumentan como consecuencia de la reducción del miR156 y aumento de los factores de transcripción SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPLs), que regulan la expresión de FUL. El aumento de la expresión de FUL y del miR172 produce la reducción de los niveles de AP2, que ocasiona la progresiva disminución de la expresión del gen de mantenimiento meristemático WUSCHEL (WUS), y por tanto, el cese de la actividad meristemática y aparición del GPA.En el capítulo 1 de esta tesis doctoral se ha pretendido profundizar en el estudio del control de la longevidad de los meristemos mediante la ruta FUL-AP2, identificando dianas moleculares o interactores de AP2.En el capítulo 2 hemos llevado a cabo el rastreo de diferentes poblaciones mutagenizadas buscando mutantes que a pesar de ser estériles tuvieran un GPA temprano, como punto de partida a la identificación de factores implicados en la vía de señalización entre semillas en desarrollo y meristemo apical, otra de las posibles rutas de regulación del GPA.En el capítulo 3 hemos desarrollado una serie de estrategias biotecnológicas que permiten aumentar la producció...

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All in good time: Understanding annual and perennial strategies in plants

Cited by 88 publications

References 31 publications

Ovule bet‐hedging at high elevation in the South American Andes: Evidence from a phylogenetically controlled multispecies study

Ovule bet‐hedging at high elevation in the South American Andes: Evidence from a phylogenetically controlled multispecies study

Environmentally induced development costs underlie fitness tradeoffs

La ruta FUL-AP2 y la longevidad de los meristemos en Arabidopsis thaliana. Bases moleculares y potencial biotecnológico

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