All‐straw‐fiber composites: Benzylated straw as matrix and additional straw fiber reinforced composites

Abstract

With the aim to utilize the waste biomass of wheat straw, all‐straw‐fiber composites were elaborately manufactured though producing plastic benzylated wheat straw (BWS) as matrix and reinforced by additional straw fibers (ASF). The extent of benzylation for wheat straw was greatly improved with the aid of ball milling pretreatment for 4 h. BWS yielded higher weight percent gain (WPG) under the same reaction conditions with the benzylation of wood flour, lower glass transition temperature (Tg) as well as better flowability upon heating compared to benzylated mulberry branches (BMB) with comparable WPG. All‐straw‐fiber composites performed higher ASF loading capacity and better mechanical properties with optimum ASF content than BMB based composites and by benzylation decreased water absorption significantly. SEM provided evidence for strong adhesion in the interface between BWS and ASF. From the overall performance, the All‐straw‐fiber composites can be regarded as a potential alternative to wood plastic composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:419–426, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

Study on the preparation and mechanical properties of injection‐moulded wood‐based plastics

“…Previous investigators have demonstrated that conferring thermoplastic properties to fibers can be achieved through two approaches . One approach was to modify only the thermoplastic matrix of fibers (not meal) and to leave the thermoset component as a reinforcing filler.…”

“…Unfortunately, benzylation modification approaches suffers from several drawbacks, such as complex technology, and vigorous reaction conditions. Hassan et al had made the conversion of bagasse fiber into a thermoformable material using succinic anhydride as the esterifying agent through chemical modification, but the weight percentage gain (WPG) was low and lack of characterization of the mechanical properties of thermoplastic material . Most importantly, the major breakthrough in former works is that lignocellulosic biomass could simply be thermo‐moulded by hot pressing .…”

Interface morphology and thermoplasticization behavior of bamboo fibers benzylated with benzyl chloride

“…Traditionally, the esterification or etherification of natural fibers is an important way of chemical modification, resulting in a strong hydrophobicity of the fibers, a good thermoplasticization behavior, and a suitable softening temperature. The thermoplastic transformation of natural fibers has been previously applied, for instance, to wood fibers, pulp, bagasse, and straw …”

Influence of Straw Fiber on the Insulation Properties and Frost Resistance of the Cement Based Materials

“…Its physical properties are as follows: the density of 3.2 g/cm 3 , the fineness of 120 mesh/cm 2 , sieves margin 1.5%. Chemical composition is as follows: MgO is 81.4%, CaO is 1.2% and the burned loss is 8%;…”

“…It was characterized of high compressive strength, but also showing some disadvantages such as low flexural strength, toughness, and easy to crack. Using fibers in cement might be an important way to solve above problems [1][2][3][4]. This work mainly studies on the effect of straw fiber on the heat preservation and frost resistance of cement-based material.…”