Alleviation of diabetic nephropathy by zinc oxide nanoparticles in streptozotocin‐induced type 1 diabetes in rats

Abstract

This study examines the effect of nanoparticles with zinc oxides (ZnONPs) on diabetic nephropathy, which is the primary cause of mortality for diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease. Diabetes in adult male rats was induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. ZnONPs were intraperitoneally administered to diabetic rats daily for 7 weeks. Diabetes was associated with increases in blood glucose level, 24-h urinary albumin excretion rate, glomerular basement membrane thickness, renal oxidative stress markers, and renal mRNA or protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1, fibronectin, collagen-IV, tumour necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor-A. Moreover, the expression of nephrin and podocin, and the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 were decreased in the diabetic group. These changes were not detected in the control group and were significantly prevented by ZnONP treatment. These results provide evidence that ZnONPs ameliorate the renal damage induced in a diabetic rat model of nephropathy through improving renal functionality; inhibiting renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and abnormal angiogenesis; and delaying the development of podocyte injury. The present findings may help design the clinical application of ZnONPs for protection against the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Assessment of Anti-Cancer Potential of ZnO Nanoparticles in an In Vitro Model of Breast Cancer

“…Recently, ZnO NPs have been reported to supply therapeutic proportions in contrast to chemotherapy drugs and have a high degree of cancer cell selectivity [ 15 ]. Regardless of their method of synthesis, and because of their low toxicity and biodegradability, ZnO NPs have been used in the inhibition of UV radiation [ 16 ], antidiabetic activity [ 17 , 18 ], antimicrobial agent [ 19 ], anti-inflammatory agent [ 20 ], wound healing [ 21 ], cancer imaging and diagnosis [ 22 ], photocatalysis [ 16 ], electronics [ 23 ].…”

Emerging Treatment Strategies for Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Complications: An Update

“…Our research examining the effect of zinc oxide NPs (ZnONPs) on diabetic nephropathy indicated that ZnONPs could ameliorate the renal damage induced in a diabetic rat model of nephropathy via improving renal functionality; inhibiting renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and abnormal angiogenesis; and delaying the development of podocyte injury [102].…”

Current Strategies and Potential Prospects for Nanoparticle-Mediated Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy

“… ZnONPs can improve renal function, by inhibiting renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and abnormal angiogenesis and the ameliorating podocyte injury to ameliorate the renal damage. Alomari et al 85 Cao et al 81 3.2 Nano-Composite Oxides MET-HMSN-CeO 2 NPs Cerium oxide and metformin Kidney Ceria with surface provide high oxygen storage abilities and can scavenge free radicals via the self-circulation of redox reaction and MET as glucose production inhibitor can inhibit glucose production. Combined antioxidative with antidiabetic activities, nanoparticle administration can exhibit specially nephroprotective ability without causing major side effects.…”