Alliin production in various tissues and organs of Allium sativum grown under normal and sulphur-supplemented in vitro conditions

Abstract

Garlic extract contains alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide), an organosulphur compound that contributes to its therapeutic value and pharmacological importance. Alliin production in plant organs (leaf and root), plantlet, callus (non-embryogenic and embryogenic), embryo (proliferated, matured and germinated embryos), grown under in-vitro conditions was evaluated after 8 weeks. Highest alliin content was recorded in leaves. Clove callus and germinated embryos also showed alliin production. Evaluation of alliin content of in-vitro grown tissues both in normal (control) and sulphur supplemented conditions (4, 8, 16, 32 mg l -1 ) showed that sulphur treatment at supply of 16 mg l -1 gypsum (CaSO 4 ) significantly enhanced the production of alliin content in all in-vitro grown tissues and organs. These findings suggest that production of alliin is dependent upon type and age of tissue and can be altered by growth conditions.

Alliin obtained from leaf extract of garlic grown underin situconditions possess higher therapeutic potency as analyzed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

“…Leaves from plants grown under in situ condition showed noted enhancement ~50% in alliin production (Figure 2). Alliin accumulation depends upon plant variety and environmental conditions in which the plants are grown (Nasim et al, 2009a(Nasim et al, , 2010. Controlled growth and environmental conditions including light and temperature factors affect production of carbohydrates, thus influencing the production of alliin (Nasim et al, 2010).…”

“…Alliin accumulation depends upon plant variety and environmental conditions in which the plants are grown (Nasim et al, 2009a(Nasim et al, , 2010. Controlled growth and environmental conditions including light and temperature factors affect production of carbohydrates, thus influencing the production of alliin (Nasim et al, 2010). Cell culture conditions have proved to be advantageous over conventional cultivation of plants because: (i) useful compounds can be produced under controlled conditions independent of climatic changes or soil conditions and (ii) cultured cells would be free of microbes and insects (Schmeda-Hirschmanna et al, 2004;Vanisree et al, 2004;Nasim et al, 2010).…”

“…Application of plant cell culture technologies have improved production of plant secondary metabolites contributing to medicinal value of the plant (SchmedaHirschmanna et al, 2004;Nasim et al, 2010). In vitro cultures accelerate production of specific medicinal compounds at a rate similar or superior to that of intact plants by affecting the biosynthetic activity of cells.…”

“…Yamuna Safed (Liliaceae), procured from the National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation, Nasik, Maharashtra, was used for the present study. Plant identity was confirmed and voucher specimen IC-375117 was deposited at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India (Nasim et al, 2010). Plants grown under natural conditions (25 ± 5°C) in a herbal garden were taken as ex situ grown plants.…”

Effects of Sugar Type and Concentration on Batu 55 Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) Somatic Embryo Maturation

“…Carbon source and concentration had an evident effect on maturation and germination of the somatic embryo on some plant species (Nasim et al, 2010;Corredoira, Ballester, & Vieitez, 2003;Körbes & Droste, 2005). Maltose as a carbon source and osmoticum was effective in somatic embryo development of Allium sativum (Nasim et al, 2010), Castanea sativa Mill. (Corredoira, Ballester, & Vieitez, 2003) and Pinus nigra (Salajova, Salaj, & Kormutak, 1999).…”