Allotment Booking in Intermodal Transport

Abstract

The article presents a valuable concept seeking to solve the problem of demand uncertainty in intermodal transport. Regular traffic is quite important for moving containers, trailers and swap bodies. To keep regularity with uncertain demand means to have backlogs or empty space. Both of them are inefficient from an economical point of view. In practice, a day‐by‐day demand forecast is meaningful only for the next two or three days. This poses serious allotment management problems to freight forwarders and shippers since long‐term contract allotments need to be planned many months ahead. The article presents a stochastic dynamic programming model for a short‐term allotment planning a model that would be very valuable for implementing intermodal solutions. The presented model evaluates optimal cost policy based on the economic trade‐off between the cost of backlogged shipment and the cost of acquiring additional allotment.

Delivery Times and Delay in Delivery of Consignment under the Conditions of International Carriage

“…As a consequence, both the applied liability rules and the degree and extent of carrier's liability vary greatly from case to case and are unpredictable. Modern transport patterns and practices have been considerably affected by the growth of containerized transportation together with technological developments on the multimodal transferring systems [11][12][13][14][15]. In 1996, considering the absence of an updated maritime transport regime, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) proposed to include a review of modern practices and applicable law regimes in the international carriage of goods by sea in its work program with a view of establishing the need for uniform rules where such rules were lacking, so as to achieve greater uniformity of laws [16].…”

“…from governments and international organizations representing commercial sectors involved in the carriage of goods by sea. Increasingly, big liner shipping companies, some of which dominate the container shipments of ocean trade, are also expanding their services to offer transportation from door-to-door by involving other carriers to perform different modal stages of a multimodal transaction [14,[17][18][19]. The current liability framework reflects few developments that have taken place in terms of transport patterns, technology and markets.…”

Carrier's Liability Under International Maritime Conventions and the Uncitral Draft Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea

“…As a consequence, both the applied liability rules and the degree and extent of carrier's liability vary greatly from case to case and are unpredictable. Modern transport patterns and practices have been considerably affected by the growth of containerized transportation together with technological developments on the mul-timodal transferring systems (Tolli and Laving 2007;Jaržemskienė 2007;Vasilis Vasiliauskas and Barysienė 2008;Afandizadeh and Moayedfar 2008;Jaržemskienė and Jaržemskis 2009;Liu et al 2009). Increasingly, big liner shipping companies, some of which dominate the container shipments of ocean trade, are also expanding their services to off er transportation from door-to-door by involving other carriers to perform diff erent modal stages of a multimodal transaction (Jaržemskienė and Jaržemskis 2009;Burkovskis 2008;Lingaitienė 2008;Jaržemskis and Vasilis Vasiliauskas 2007).…”

Multicriteria Evaluation of Operational Effectiveness of Freight Diesel Locomotives on Lithuanian Railways / Lietuvos Geležinkelių Prekinių Šilumvežių Eksploatavimo Veiksmingumo Daugiakriterinis Vertinimas / Многокритериальная Оценка Эффективности Эксплуатации Грузовых Тепловозов Железных Дорог Литвы

“…Many scientists of various contries have made research works about the structure of railways costs (Bitzan 1999;Jonaitis 2007;Schach, Naumann 2007;Andersson 2008;Ludvigsen, Osland 2009;Sonmez, Ontepeli 2009;Jaržemskienė, Jaržemskis 2009;Butkevičius 2009;Dailydka 2010;Sivilevičius, Maskeliūnaitė 2010;Kreutzberger 2010). The overall financial performance, investements trends and expansion of Spain Railways were estimated by Campos (2008).…”