Alterations in the haemocytes of Pseudoplusia includens after parasitism by Microplitis demolitor

Strand, Michael R.; Noda, Takashi

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(91)90080-j

Cited by 133 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…M. demolitor and P. includens were reared at 27°C with a 16-h-light, 8-h-dark photoperiod as previously described (29,33). Hosts used in the study were parasitized as third-instar larvae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MdBV disables encapsulation by preventing hemocytes called granulocytes and plasmatocytes from adhering to wasp eggs and causing some granulocytes to apoptose (33,34,39). The loss of adhesion is due primarily to the expression of the glc genes in infected hemocytes, which encode very similar cell surface glycoproteins (3,4,25), while apoptosis is associated with the expression of ptp-H2 (37).…”

Section: Mdbv Persists In and Functionally Transforms Cie1 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Encapsidated Genome of Microplitis demolitor Bracovirus Integrates into the Host Pseudoplusia includens

Beck

Zhang

Bitra

et al. 2011

J Virol

111

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mdbv Persists In and Functionally Transforms Cie1 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Encapsidated Genome of Microplitis demolitor Bracovirus Integrates into the Host Pseudoplusia includens

Beck

Zhang

Bitra

et al. 2011

J Virol

111

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“…Hemocyte spreading is often used as a measure of immune fitness and can be inhibited by some insect pathogens and parasites. Inhibiting hemocyte spreading is a common strategy employed by many entomopathogens and implies that such changes in hemocyte behavior are important components of insect defense (Davies et al, 1987;Griesch and Vilcinskas, 1998;Strand and Noda, 1991;Hung et al, 1993). Many endogenous signals, thought to be released by hemocytes or wounded tissue (Clark et al, 1997), also influence hemocyte spreading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmatocyte-spreading peptide (PSP) plays a central role in insect cellular immune defenses against bacterial infection

Eleftherianos

Yadi

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYInsect hemocytes (blood cells) are a central part of the insect's cellular response to bacterial pathogens, and these specialist cells can both recognize and engulf bacteria. During this process, hemocytes undergo poorly characterized changes in adhesiveness. Previously, a peptide termed plasmatocyte-spreading peptide (PSP), which induces the adhesion and spreading of plasmatocytes on foreign surfaces, has been identified in lepidopteran insects. Here, we investigate the function of this peptide in the moth Manduca sexta using RNA interference (RNAi) to prevent expression of the precursor protein proPSP. We show that infection with the insect-specific bacterial pathogen Photorhabdus luminescens and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli induces proPSP mRNA transcription in the insect fat body but not in hemocytes; subsequently, proPSP protein can be detected in cell-free hemolymph. We used RNAi to silence this upregulation of proPSP and found that the knock-down insects succumbed faster to infection with P. luminescens, but not E. coli. RNAi-treated insects infected with E. coli showed a reduction in the number of circulating hemocytes and higher bacterial growth in hemolymph as well as a reduction in overall cellular immune function compared with infected controls. Interestingly, RNAi-mediated depletion of proPSP adversely affected the formation of melanotic nodules but had no additional effect on other cellular responses when insects were infected with P. luminescens, indicating that this pathogen employs mechanisms that suppress key cellular immune functions in M. sexta. Our results provide evidence for the central role of PSP in M. sexta cellular defenses against bacterial infections. Supplementary material available online at

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“…Among the Lepidoptera, larvae of pest species tobacco budworm moth (Heliothis viriscens) and soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens), can encapsulate eggs of parasitoid wasps [29,30]. In larvae of the heart-shaped scale insect [Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell)], a Hemipteran pest species, vigorous encapsulation responses protect hosts from parasitoid wasps [31].…”

Section: The Encapsulation Response In Drosophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Avoided Target: The Ceratitis capitata Cellular Encapsulation Response

Sorrentino¹

2016

Entomol Ornithol Herpetol

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Alterations in the haemocytes of Pseudoplusia includens after parasitism by Microplitis demolitor

Cited by 133 publications

References 42 publications

The Encapsidated Genome of Microplitis demolitor Bracovirus Integrates into the Host Pseudoplusia includens

The Encapsidated Genome of Microplitis demolitor Bracovirus Integrates into the Host Pseudoplusia includens

Plasmatocyte-spreading peptide (PSP) plays a central role in insect cellular immune defenses against bacterial infection

The Avoided Target: The Ceratitis capitata Cellular Encapsulation Response

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