Alterations of the gene expression, lipid peroxidation, proline and thiol content along the barley root exposed to cadmium

Up-regulation of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems by exogenous glycinebetaine and proline in mung bean confer tolerance to cadmium stress

“…One strategy for improving tolerance to Cd is altered cellular metabolism leading to accumulation of particular solutes that include nitrogen-containing compounds, such as proline and other amino acids, polyamines and quaternary ammonium compounds like betaine that stabilize proteins or stress proteins that protect plants to reduce the content of undesired heavy metals (Chen and Murata 2002). Proline and betaine accumulation in plants under metal stress has been widely reported (Sun et al 2007;Costa and Morel 1994;Tamas et al 2008). However, the mechanisms by which proline and betaine protect plant cells under heavy metal stress have remained unsolved.…”

“…Heavy metal stress up-regulates the enzymes in proline and betaine biosynthesis which confers an increase in stress tolerance (Bassi and Sharma, 1993a, b;Costa and Morel 1994;Mehta and Gaur 1999;Shao et al 2008;Dinakar et al 2009). The natural accumulation of proline/ betaine, however, is not high enough to protect plants from stress-induced damage (Subbarao et al 2001;Okuma et al 2002;Tamura et al 2003;Tamas et al 2008). Under such condition their exogenous application may help to reduce the adverse effects of various environmental stresses including Cd stress (Yang and Lu 2005;Kumar and Yadav 2009;Huang et al 2009;Islam et al 2010;Hossain and Fujita 2010).…”

A Transcriptomic Network Underlies Microstructural and Physiological Responses to Cadmium in Populus × canescens

“…Total thiols were analyzed according to Tamás et al (2008) with minor modifications. Freeze-dried tissues (approximately 100 mg) were extracted in 1 mL of 20 mM EDTA on ice and centrifuged at 12,000g and 4°C for 10 min.…”

Heavy Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress in Plants: Response of the Antioxidative System

“…Cd uptake is strongly connected to alterations in plant thiol content, having dual action. Elevated thiol content connected with lipid peroxidation and root growth inhibition was detected in all individual segments of barley root after Cd treatment (Tamás et al 2008), as well as in P. sativum (Agrawal and Mishra 2009). On the other hand, 10 μM Cd decreased thiol content and induced oxidation of AsA and GSH indicating oxidative stress.…”

“…However, in some cases of metal toxicity, such as Cd application in barley roots, Pro accumulation is disturbed leading to water and oxidative stress responsible for the root growth inhibition (Tamás et al 2008).…”