Alternative Method for Determination of the Chemical Oxygen Demand for Colloidal Polymeric Wastewater

Abuzaid, Nabil S.; Al-Malack, Muhammad H.; El‐Mubarak, Aarif H.

doi:10.1007/s001289900525

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Relative errors of the two models were <8.00%. The average relative error was 5.00% for model 1 and 4.25% for model 2, which were lower than those reported in the literature (Abuzaid et al 1997;Silva et al 2009). The standard deviation and relative error of model 2 are lower than that of model 1, indicating that the predictability of model 2 is better than model 1.…”

Section: Model Validationcontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…For many years, many efforts have been devoted to the development of rapid new methods for the determination of COD. For example, spectrophotometry, chemiluminescence microflow system, turbidity analysis, and electrochemistry were used for the determination of COD in effluents (Abuzaid et al 1997;Liu et al 2006Liu et al , 2008Silva et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Chen

Zhan

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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A new method has been developed for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in pulping effluent using chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry. Two calibration models were established by inducing UV-visible spectroscopy (model 1) and derivative spectroscopy (model 2), combined with the chemometrics software Smica-P. Correlation coefficients of the two models are 0.9954 (model 1) and 0.9963 (model 2) when COD of samples is in the range of 0 to 405 mg/L. Sensitivities of the two models are 0.0061 (model 1) and 0.0056 (model 2) and method detection limits are 2.02-2.45 mg/L (model 1) and 2.13-2.51 mg/L (model 2). Validation experiment showed that the average standard deviation of model 2 was 1.11 and that of model 1 was 1.54. Similarly, average relative error of model 2 (4.25%) was lower than model 1 (5.00%), which indicated that the predictability of model 2 was better than that of model 1. Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method did not need chemical reagents and digestion which were required in the conventional methods, and the testing time of the new method was significantly shorter than the conventional ones. The proposed method can be used to measure COD in pulping effluent as an environmentally friendly approach with satisfactory results.

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Section: Model Validationcontrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Chen

Zhan

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The process of photo catalysis is a proficient method for degrading organic compounds. Various literatures are available on the different mechanisms and equations involved for gaining a better knowledge about the process of photo catalysis [11][12][13]. The semiconductor material consists of two bands which are called valence band and conduction band.…”

Section: Photocatalysis Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart PCS Based System for Oxygen Content Measurement

Bhatia¹,

Whig²,

Ahmad³

2015

IJITCS

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This paper presents the performance analysis of smart PCS based system for an accurate oxygen content measurement in the aqueous electrolyte solution. The system intends to measure the photo catalytic activity of the PCS which is sensitive to O2 by integrating the software and hardware design technique for more accurate results. The threshold voltage of the PCS changes due to photo catalysis process causing fluctuations in the PCS readout which is sensed by the microcontroller via an inbuilt 10 bit A/D converter. The digitized signal is processed and converted into corresponding value of O2 content. The proposed digital system is fast as compared to conventional flow injection analysis which is tiresome and time consuming job. The approach for this system relies on the fast operation of PCS which operates under sub threshold conditions and reduced computation time. The system is more user friendly and the outcomes of simulation are fairly in agreement with the theoretical estimations. The system is highly favourable for water quality monitoring applications due to reduced response time.

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“…1 TOC is often used to evaluate the total organic load, BOD the biodegradable fraction, and COD the total organic pollution load of waters contaminated by reductive pollutants. 2 As an indicator of organic pollution, COD has the advantage of speed and simplicity compared with BOD and is less instrument intensive than TOC. 3,4 Traditional COD reference methods are empirical measurements obtained under well defined experimental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of chemical oxygen demand in fresh waters using flow injection with on-line UV-photocatalytic oxidation and spectrophotometric detection

De-zhong

Sandford

Worsfold

2005

Analyst

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A flow injection manifold incorporating UV-photocatalytic oxidation for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in freshwater is reported. The method utilises the UV-photocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds instead of conventional heating (used in the standard method), with acidified potassium permanganate as the oxidant. Sodium oxalate, d-glucose and potassium hydrogen phthalate were used as COD standards. A 100 microL sample solution was injected into a 0.3 mol L(-1) H2SO4 carrier stream containing 0.1 mol L(-1) (NH4)2SO4, merged with a permanganate solution (8 x 10(-4) mol L(-1)) and passed through a 250 cm FEP (fluoroethylene polymer) photo-reaction coil wound around a 15 W UV lamp. The sample throughput was 30 h(-1), with an LOD (blank plus 3sigma) of 0.5 mg COD L(-1) and a linear range of 0.5-50 mg COD L(-1) (D-glucose, r2 = 0.9966). The method had good precision with relative standard deviations of 2.7% at 5 mg COD L(-1) and 1.2% at 20 mg COD L(-1) (n = 12) for glucose. Results for a COD certified reference material (QC Demand Quality Control Standard) were in good agreement with the certified COD value. Recovery from Tamar River water samples for all three COD standards was 83.0-111.0% and the COD values determined were in good agreement with those of a permanganate index reference method.

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Alternative Method for Determination of the Chemical Oxygen Demand for Colloidal Polymeric Wastewater

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Smart PCS Based System for Oxygen Content Measurement

Determination of chemical oxygen demand in fresh waters using flow injection with on-line UV-photocatalytic oxidation and spectrophotometric detection

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