Aluminum Tolerance of Two Barley Varieties in Nutrient Solution, Peat, and Soil Culture¹

Abstract

‘Charlottetown 80’ and ‘Herta’ barley were grown in nutrient solution (pH 4.3) with 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 ppm of added aluminum, in peat at pH values of 4.3, 5.5, and 6.2 each with 0, 3, 6, and 12 ppm of added Al, and in mineral soil at pH values of 4.7, 5.5, and 6.5. Actual concentrations of aluminum ion in solution were 0, 0.7, 1.5, 2.2, 2.6, and 3.0 ppm. Using the yield of Charlottetown 80 at 0 ppm as l00%, the yields of tops for the above Al concentrations were 100, 100, 96, 93, 49, and 42% for Charlottetown 80 and 41, 49, 32, 31, 20, and 23%, respectively, for Herta. Corresponding root yields were 100, 112, 113, 111, 76, and 66% (Charlottetown 80) and 42, 48, 39, 32, 24, and 31% (Herta). Saturation extracts from peat (pH 4.3) contained 2.0 ppm Al which reduced the top and root yields to 56 and 43% and 55 and 43% for Charlottetown 80 and Herta, respectively. Heavy fertilization reduced root yields in unlimed soil and increased root yields in limed soil. Percent K, Ca, and Mg in tops and roots decreased while percent Al increased with increasing Al concentration. Both uptake and translocation of P decreased with increasing Al concentration.

Response of Spring Wheat and Barley to Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium

“…(14). In the present investigation none of the wheat soils and only one of the barley soils was strongly acid (Table 1).…”

Effects of Al on nitrogen (NH 4 + and NO 3 − ) uptake, nitrate reductase activity and proton release in two sorghum cultivars differing in Al tolerance

“…Differential A1 tolerance among varieties often appears to be associated with differential uptake and transport of nutrients such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K § and P (Foy et al, 1969;Lee, 1971a;Macleod and Jackson, 1967). In our experiment A1 reduces the internal concentrations of most nutrient cations and anions more pronounced in the Al-sensitive than in the Al-tolerant inbred line.…”

Tolerance to high soil acidity in wheat related species, rye and triticale

“…For the small grain cereals they have been reported for barley (VAN ESSEN & DANTUMA, 1962;CHIASSON, 1964;FOY et al, 1965 ;STBLEN, 1965 ;MCLEOD & JACKSON, 1967;REID et al, 1969) and wheat (NEENAN, 1960;FOY et al, 1965;IKEDA, 1965;MESDAG & SLOOTMAKER, 1969). No mention is made in literature about the existence of varietal differences in tolerance within oats or rye, nor is it known whether oats and rye are unlike each other in this respect.…”