Alveolar Bone Changes in Post-menopausal Osteopenic and Osteoporosis Women: An Original Research

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is imposing public health burden especially in postmenopausal women and elderly population. It is leading cause of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women. Among multiple modalities of osteoporosis diagnosis, bone mineral density (BMD) is considered as a gold standard by WHO. Aim: Evaluate the alveolar bone changes in osteopenic and osteoporosis condition of postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Totally 1315 postmenopausal women were included in this study. All patients were evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for BMD and dental radiograph such as orthopantomography and radiovesiography. Among those women 72 were normal, 276 were osteopenic and 967 were osteoporotic. Mandibular cortical index (MCI), pixel intensity (PI), mandibular alveolar bone mass (MABM), and Alveolar bone resorption pattern (ABRP) were evaluated from the dental radiograph. Calculation of mean and standard deviation, as well as correlation and difference, were performed using SPSS 11.5 for Windows (Windows XP). Results: The changes in the MCI (C2 and C3) were more in osteoporotic condition (87.48%) rather than osteopenic (31.34%) and normal (12.50%). The numbers of presenting teeth were more in normal and osteopenic women rather than osteoporotic women. PI and MABM were significantly different from normal vs. osteopenic and osteoporosis, osteopenic versus osteoporosis. Horizontal ABRP was more in osteoporosis women (91.21%). Conclusion: Changes in postmenopausal alveolar bone were strongly correlated with the BMD of systemic skeletal bone. This combined relationship can be used as an easy diagnosis tool for innovations in osteoporotic condition.

Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Its Effect on Residual Ridge Resorption in Postmenopausal Females of Rural Central Indian Region

“…Additionally, Majumder and Harun [9] assessed the alterations in alveolar bone among postmenopausal women with osteopenia and osteoporosis. They found a considerable correlation between the BMD of systemic skeletal bone and alterations in the alveolar bone of postmenopausal women.…”

Relationship of Age, Body Mass Index, Bone Density, and Menopause Duration with Alveolar Bone Resorption in Postmenopausal Women

“…Postmenopausal alveolar bone changes strongly correlate with BMD so that this relationship can be foundational in assisting the diagnosis of osteoporosis patients [32]. BMD changes are substantial at the end of perimenopause and continue to decline rapidly during the early postmenopausal period [29].…”

Radiomorphometric Evaluation of Mandibular Cortical Index Among Young and Middle-Aged Lithuanian Individuals

“…Studies have shown that MCI, mostly linked to age-and osteoporosis-related changes in the mandibular cortical layer, is being evaluated more commonly in postmenopausal women (around the age of 50 years), and with advancing age, MCI category has a tendency to change [23][24][25]. Numerous panoramic radiomorphometric indices of the mandible and their relationships with skeletal bone mineral density as well as subjects' age and gender have been evaluated in different populations [12].…”