Alzheimer’s disease is getting easier to spot

Dolgin, Elie

doi:10.1038/d41586-018-05721-w

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, few early diagnostic methods have been applied to clinic except the Rating Scale and PET for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment. 8 Thus, powerful diagnostic methods for the early-stage of AD are urgently needed. As AβOs rather than Aβ monomers and fibrils correlate well with AD dementia, 12 , 17 the approaches targeting AβOs would have a promising application in the diagnosis of AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Multifunctional Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Conjugated with Aβ Oligomer-Specific scFv Antibody and Class A Scavenger Receptor Activator Show Early Diagnostic Potentials for Alzheimer’s Disease</p>

Liu

Zhang

Lü

et al. 2020

IJN

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Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Diagnosing AD before symptoms arise will facilitate earlier intervention. The early diagnostic approaches are thus urgently needed. Methods: The multifunctional nanoparticles W20/XD4-SPIONs were constructed by the conjugation of oligomer-specific scFv antibody W20 and class A scavenger receptor (SR-A) activator XD4 onto superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). The SPIONs' stability and uniformity in size were measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The ability of W20/XD4-SPIONs for recognizing Aβ oligomers (AβOs) and promoting AβOs phagocytosis was assessed by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis. The blood-brain barrier permeability of W20/XD4-SPIONs was determined by a co-culture transwell model. The in vivo probe distribution of W20/XD4-SPIONs in AD mouse brains was detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: W20/XD4-SPIONs, as an AβOs-targeted molecular MRI contrast probe, readily reached pathological AβOs regions in brains and distinguished AD transgenic mice from WT controls. W20/XD4-SPIONs retained the property of XD4 for SR-A activation and significantly promoted microglial phagocytosis of AβOs. Moreover, W20/XD4-SPIONs exhibited the properties of good biocompatibility, high stability and low cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Compared with W20-SPIONs or XD4-SPIONs, W20/XD4-SPIONs show the highest efficiency for AβOs-targeting and significantly enhance AβOs uptake by microglia. As a molecular probe, W20/XD4-SPIONs also specifically and sensitively bind to AβOs in AD brains to provide an MRI signal, demonstrating that W20/XD4-SPIONs are promising diagnostic agents for early-stage AD. Due to the beneficial effect of W20 and XD4 on neuropathology, W20/XD4-SPIONs may also have therapeutic potential for AD .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, MRI scanners are about 10 times more than PET scanners worldwide. 8,9 However, magnetic resonance (MR)-based molecular imaging techniques still need to be fully developed to provide PET-like sensitivity. Increasing evidence demonstrates that the early intervention may effectively delay the progression of AD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Multifunctional Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Conjugated with Aβ Oligomer-Specific scFv Antibody and Class A Scavenger Receptor Activator Show Early Diagnostic Potentials for Alzheimer’s Disease</p>

Liu

Zhang

Lü

et al. 2020

IJN

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“…AD is a slowly progressive brain disease that only after years of brain changes do individuals experience noticeable symptoms, such as difficulty in remembering recent conversations, names or events, and language problems ( Shinagawa, 2016 ). Symptoms occur because neurons in parts of the brain involved in thinking, learning, and memory have been damaged or destroyed, probably by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein and tau protein aggregates and the neuroinflammation ( Dolgin, 2018 ; Mucke, 2009 ). Unfortunately, there is no effective therapeutics that can cure or alter the disease process ( Gao et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

scREAD: A Single-Cell RNA-Seq Database for Alzheimer's Disease

et al. 2020

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Summary Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain and the most common form of dementia among the elderly. The single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-Seq) techniques are extremely useful for dissecting the function/dysfunction of highly heterogeneous cells in the brain at the single-cell level, and the corresponding data analyses can significantly improve our understanding of why particular cells are vulnerable in AD. We developed an integrated database named scREAD (single-cell RNA-Seq database for Alzheimer's disease), which is as far as we know the first database dedicated to the management of all the existing scRNA-Seq and snRNA-Seq data sets from the human postmortem brain tissue with AD and mouse models with AD pathology. scREAD provides comprehensive analysis results for 73 data sets from 10 brain regions, including control atlas construction, cell-type prediction, identification of differentially expressed genes, and identification of cell-type-specific regulons.

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“…However, current standard biomarkers such as amyloid-PET scans are highly expensive and the patients are exposed to a considerable amount of ionizing radiation at each test. Cerebrospinal-fluid analyses for Aß and tau are highly invasive due to lumbar punctures (Dolgin, 2018). We need to search for additional biomarkers that are less expensive and less invasive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%