Ammonia emissions from liquid manure storages are affected by anaerobic digestion and solid-liquid separation

Baldé, Hambaliou; VanderZaag, Andrew; Burtt, Stephen D.; Wagner‐Riddle, Claudia; Evans, Leigh; Gordon, Robert J.; Desjardins, Raymond L.; MacDonald, J. D.

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.01.036

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Windtrax simulations used a background concentration of zero. This is consistent with several studies (e.g., [7,9]). Ni et al [7] compared several field-scale methodologies including micrometeorological and chamber methods to measure NH 3 ammonia emissions after nitrogen fertilization and found that NH 3 background concentration ranged between 0 and 0.0076 ppm, which is below the minimum detection limit reported for a GF2 (0.024 ppm = 5.34 ppmm on a 220 m path length) by the USEPA [14].…”

Section: Calculating Nh 3 Emission Ratessupporting

confidence: 94%

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Ammonia Emissions Measured Using Two Different GasFinder Open-Path Lasers

et al. 2019

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The challenges of accurately measuring in situ ammonia (NH3) losses from agricultural systems are well known. Using an open path laser coupled with a backward Lagrangian stochastic dispersion model is a promising approach for quantifying both point- and area-sources; however, this approach requires the open path laser to detect low NH3 concentrations and small concentration differences. In this study, we compared the new GasFinder3 open path laser (Boreal laser Inc., Edmonton, Canada) with the GasFinder2 sensor, the previous version. The study took place at two locations: an outdoor open-air manure compost site, and a field of wheat stubble which was fertilized with urea ammonium nitrate. Results showed the two lasers reported similar concentrations during three days of measurements at the compost site, but differed at the field site, where concentrations were close to the minimum detection limit. The GasFinder3 had a lower standard deviation under all conditions, especially with low wind speed and high relative humidity.

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Section: Calculating Nh 3 Emission Ratessupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Research using the bLS method often employs open path tunable diode lasers to measure NH 3 concentration up-and down-wind of the source (e.g., [5][6][7][8][9]). This method was successfully tested at the field scale for estimating NH 3 emission [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia Emissions Measured Using Two Different GasFinder Open-Path Lasers

et al. 2019

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“…Ammonia emissions from the liquid storage result from rapidly hydrolyzed urea in the liquid and more slowly mineralized organic N. Emissions from the slurry storage have a significantly higher mineralization component than liquid storage due to the much greater DM. Differences in manure storage practices can be expected to influence the timing and magnitude of NH 3 emissions over the course of days and weeks [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ammonia emissions from two Wisconsin free-stall dairies with slurry storage had NH 3 emissions averaging 54 g hd −1 d −1 (hd = animal head) during the summer and 24 g hd −1 d −1 in the fall [10]. Slurry storage at a dairy in Canada yielded emissions ranging from 8 µg m −2 s −1 (6 g hd −1 d −1 ) during the winter to 48 µg m −2 s −1 (39 g hd −1 d −1 ) during the spring [5]. For regulatory and inventory purposes, it is desirable to limit the necessary classification of manure storages in NH 3 emission estimates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia Emissions from Differing Manure Storage Facilities at Two Midwestern Free-Stall Dairies

Grant

Boehm

2020

Atmosphere

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Dairies contribute a major portion of agricultural ammonia emissions in the United States. Emissions were monitored over two years from an anaerobic lagoon receiving manure from cows in the milking parlor and holding area in Indiana (IN), USA and a storage basin receiving manure from cows in barns as well as the milking parlor and holding area in Wisconsin (WI), USA. Emissions were monitored using open-path tunable diode lasers, sonic anemometers, and two emission models. The mean annual daily emissions at the WI storage basins (30 µg m−2 s−1) was nearly equal to that at the IN lagoon (27 µg m−2 s−1). The mean annual daily ammonia (NH3) emissions on a per animal basis were greater at the WI basins (33 g NH3 hd−1 d−1; 26 g NH3 AU−1 d−1) (hd = animal; AU = 500 kg animal mass) than at the IN lagoon (9 g NH3 hd−1 d−1; 7 g NH3 AU−1 d−1). Emissions from both storage systems were highest in the summer, lowest in the winter, and similar during the spring and fall. Emissions were strongly correlated with air temperature and weakly correlated with wind conditions. Greater emissions at the WI basins appeared to be related primarily to the characteristics of the stored manure.

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“…The higher NH3 emission fluxes observed for the LFD, as suggested by References [6,27], could be explained with the higher ammoniacal nitrogen in LFD at the beginning of the experiment (2.46 against 1.85 g kg −1 of CS) and the higher pH (7.9 instead of 7 of RS). On the other hand, it was observed a decreasing trend of ammonia emission fluxes for both materials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Influence of Treatments and Covers on NH3 Emissions from Dairy Cow and Buffalo Manure Storage

et al. 2020

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The storage of livestock manure is responsible for ammonia emissions into the atmosphere. Different natural covers could be used during animal manure storage, but the mitigation effect is influenced by the manure characteristics due to the housing or treatment systems. Starting from cattle and buffalo manure, the objectives of this study were (i) to assess the effect of anaerobic digestion (AD) and solid–liquid separation (SLS) on ammonia emissions during storage as well as natural crust development and (ii) to investigate the reduction in ammonia emissions by using a layer of straw to cover the stored animal manure. Storage conditions were simulated in a small-scale application in a climate-controlled room. Results showed that the higher organic matter content of cow raw slurry facilitated the surface crust formation starting from the first days of storage. AD with SLS increased ammonia emissions (48.5%) due to the increase of the ammoniacal nitrogen content. On the other hand, animal manure covered with a layer of straw showed a 7.3% reduction of ammonia emissions. This study suggests that treatments and covering strategies must be calibrated to different manure types to enhance the mitigation effect.

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Ammonia emissions from liquid manure storages are affected by anaerobic digestion and solid-liquid separation

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Ammonia Emissions Measured Using Two Different GasFinder Open-Path Lasers

Ammonia Emissions Measured Using Two Different GasFinder Open-Path Lasers

Ammonia Emissions from Differing Manure Storage Facilities at Two Midwestern Free-Stall Dairies

Influence of Treatments and Covers on NH3 Emissions from Dairy Cow and Buffalo Manure Storage

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