&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Streptococcus pneumoniae:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; a study of strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid

Vieira, Ataiza C.; Gomes, Marizoneide C.; Filho, Maurício Rolo; Filho, João Eudes; Bello, Edson José M.; Figueiredo, Rosane B. de

doi:10.2223/jped.1580

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As reported in previous studies 2,13,22,35 , males have a higher risk of being infected by bacterial meningitis in Salvador.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interest Referencessupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The last 2 are the predominant etiological agents in countries where the Hib conjugate vaccine is used routinely [6][7][8][9][10] . Despite the positive effect obtained with the widespread use of this vaccine and also the growing trend toward the use of meningococcal and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines of specific serogroups or serotypes, these forms of meningitis remain a significant public health problem in poorer countries and regions, particularly among children 6,7,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial meningitis and living conditions

Souza

Costa

Paim

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Bacterial meningitis has great social relevance due to its ability to produce sequelae and cause death. It is most frequently found in developing countries, especially among children. Meningococcal meningitis occurs at a high frequency in populations with poor living conditions. This study describes the temporal evolution of bacterial meningitis in Salvador, Brazil, 1995, and verifies the association between its spatial variation and the living conditions of the population. Methods: This was an ecological study in which the areas of information were classified by an index of living conditions. It examined fluctuations using a trend curve, and the relationship between this index and the spatial distribution of meningitis was verified using simple linear regression. Results: From 1995-2009, there were 3,456 confirmed cases of bacterial meningitis in Salvador. We observed a downward trend during this period, with a yearly incidence of 9.1 cases/100,000 population and fatality of 16.7%. Children aged <5 years old and male were more affected. There was no significant spatial autocorrelation or pattern in the spatial distribution of the disease. The areas with the worst living conditions had higher fatality from meningococcal disease (β = 0.0078117, p < 0.005). Conclusions: Bacterial meningitis reaches all social strata; however, areas with poor living conditions have a greater proportion of cases that progress to death. This finding reflects the difficulties for ready access and poor quality of medical care faced by these populations.

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“…As reported in previous studies 2,13,22,35 , males have a higher risk of being infected by bacterial meningitis in Salvador.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interest Referencessupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial meningitis and living conditions

Souza

Costa

Paim

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Several factors clearly implicate Sp5 as the causative agent in this outbreak. First, Sp5 is one of the most virulent and invasive S. pneumoniae serotypes, exhibiting a high disease-potential for invasive pneumococcal infection [24][25][26]. Second, all 4 identified isolates from the pneumonia cases were Sp5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 5 epidemic of severe pneumonia among young army recruits by mass antibiotic treatment and vaccination

Balicer

Zarka

Levine

et al. 2010

Vaccine

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During an outbreak of severe pneumonia among new army recruits, an epidemiological investigation combined with repeated nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal cultures from sick and healthy contacts subjects was conducted. Fifteen pneumonia cases and 19 influenza-like illness cases occurred among 596 recruits over a 4-week period in December 2005. Pneumonia attack rates reached up to 5.5%. A single pneumococcus serotype 5 clone was isolated from blood or sputum cultures in 4 patients and 30/124 (24.1%) contacts. Immunization with 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine supplemented with a 2-dose azithromycin mass treatment rapidly terminated the outbreak. Carriage rates dropped to <1%, 24 and 45 days after intervention.

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“…Contradicting our data, in Uberlândia, the Federal District [24] and Rio Grande do Norte [25], pneumococcal meningitis prevailed in children under 5 years old. In the region studied, meningitis occurred mainly in adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in the northeast macro-region of São Paulo state/Brazil after the introduction of conjugate vaccine

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInfections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) still challenge health systems around the world, even with advances in vaccination programs. The present study evaluated the frequency of various Spn serotypes isolated in Regional Health Care Network 13 (RRAS 13), which includes the regional health departments (RHDs) of Araraquara, Barretos, Franca and Ribeirão Preto, especially after the introduction of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in 2010.MethodsThe analyzed Spn strains were isolated from patients with invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) and then sent to Adolfo Lutz Institute (ALI) for further confirmative identification tests during the period from 1998 to 2013. The samples were from the cities in RRAS13, which is located in the Northeast region of São Paulo State, and totals 90 municipalities.ResultsWe analyzed strains isolated from 796 patients. They were predominantly: men (58.9%); 20 to 60 years old (32.2%); evaluated from 2003 to 2010 (60.2%); and diagnosed with meningitis (45.7%) and pneumonia (45.0%), the most common invasive pneumococcal diseases. In 2010, serotypes 3, 19F, 1, 23F, 6A and 6B were among the most frequent, while serotypes 3, 12F, 14, 6A, 18C, 8 and 6B were more common after the introduction of PCV10. Serotypes 14, 19F and 3 were more frequent in meningitis, while serotypes 14, 3 and 1 prevailed in pneumonia. After 2010, there was a decrease in serotypes 14, 1, 23F and 5 and an increase in serotypes 3, 12F, 11A and 8, which were not present in the vaccine.ConclusionsThe present study noted the increase in serotypes 3, 12F, 11A and 8 after vaccination. None of those serotypes are included in the available conjugate vaccines, which highlights the importance of continued monitoring of IPDs in order to measure the disease burden in the population in the long term and provide new epidemiological information to determine the impact of PCV10 in Brazil.

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<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae:</i> a study of strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Bacterial meningitis and living conditions

Bacterial meningitis and living conditions

Control of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 5 epidemic of severe pneumonia among young army recruits by mass antibiotic treatment and vaccination

Distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in the northeast macro-region of São Paulo state/Brazil after the introduction of conjugate vaccine

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