Amphoteric surfactants from mixed N‐alkylethylenediamine

Bluestein, C.; Rosenblatt, William; Clark, John R.; Stefcik, A.

doi:10.1007/bf02640527

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…1)—has become increasingly important in recent years, making up about 5% of the market 1. The relatively high production cost of amphoteric surfactants is balanced by their excellent synergistic properties with respect to foaming and detergency in formulations 2, 3. Owing to the partial anionic and cationic characteristics of the head group, they can be made compatible under specific conditions with anionic and cationic surfactants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric studies on the amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropylbetaine

Eichhorn

Knepper

2001

J. Mass Spectrom.

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After liquid chromatographic (LC) separation, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was investigated for the determination of the amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropylbetaine (CAPB). In the positive ion mode the molecule formed the adduct ions [M + H](+), [M + Na](+) and [M + K](+). Adducts of these cations were also detected with decreasing abundance as dimer and trimer clusters. Additionally, doubly charged molecular ions with different combinations of cations were identified. It was noticed that the relative abundances of individual cation adducts were not reproducible, apparently owing to varying contents of alkali metal ions originating from the solvent and the sample. Under negative ionization, the major molecular ion was [M - H](-). Higher clusters formed by two and three surfactant molecules, i.e. [2M - H](-) and [3M - H](-) were likewise registered. The tendency to form clusters in both positive and negative ion modes, even at 0.1 mg l(-1) levels, was attributed to strong electrostatic interactions between the zwitterionic head groups. Further evidence for this assumption was provided by the detection of a fragment formed from [2M - H](-) which contained the two charged head groups. Studies were undertaken in the negative ion mode on the concentration- and orifice voltage-dependent monomer, dimer and trimer formation of C(12)-CAPB in order to evaluate potential issues in using the ion [M - H](-) mode for quantitative analysis. Finally, the established (-)-LC/ESI-MS method was applied to follow up the primary degradation of CAPB in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed bioreactor (FBBR) spiked with a test concentration of 10 mg l(-1). Direct analysis without sample pretreatment revealed that higher alkyl homologues were more prone to adsorption. Primary biodegradation of all alkyl homologues was completed after a period of 4 days. Selected lyophilized FBBR samples were examined for the presence of transient or stable degradation intermediates, but no metabolite could be identified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric studies on the amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropylbetaine

Eichhorn

Knepper

2001

J. Mass Spectrom.

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“…Sodium salts of long chain N-alkyl-3-alanines are well known as amphoteric surfactants containing a nitrogen and a carbonyl group in one molecule (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). The surfactants of 3-alanine type have been used in such fields as shampoos, cosmetics, emulsion paints, textile industry, corrosion inhibition, industrial cleaning, and many others (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New amphoteric surfactants containing a 2‐hydroxyalkyl group: I preparation and properties of N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐N‐(2‐hydroxyalkyl)‐β‐alanines

Takai

Hidaka

Moriya

1979

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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A series of new amphoteric surfactants, sodium salts of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)-/3alanines (Na-HAA) was prepared by adding methyl acrylate to N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)-ethanolamine and subsequent saponification. Neutralization with HC1 gave N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)-~-alanines, and the addition of ethylene oxide to Na-HAA gave oxyethylated drivatives.The structures of these compounds prepared were confirmed by infrared spectra, proton magnetic resonance spectra, elementary analyses, etc. Solubility in water, surface tension, foaming power, and critical micelle concentration were determined.

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“…E-mail: ref_at@hotmail.com interesting raw materials for surfactants (Nasreddine et al, 1993). The presence of anionic and cationic moieties in the molecule of an amino acid makes it possible to prepare various kinds of surfactants by introducing a hydrophobic group into the molecule (Klrvens., 1953;Herrmann., 1963;Tokiwa et al, 1967;Bluestein et al, 1973;Andersen., 1957). Sodium salts of long chain N-alkyl-β-alanines are well known amphoteric surfactants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphoteric surfactants containing ?-hydroxy ester group and an amino acid residue

Eissa

2006

Grasas y Aceites

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RESUMEN Tensioactivos anfóteros conteniendo un grupo alfa hidroxi éster y un residuo de aminoácidoSe prepararon una serie de tensioactivos anfóteros conteniendo un grupo alfa hidroxi éster y un residuo de aminoá-cido por adición de derivados epoxy (obtenidos mediante epoxidación de metacrilato de alquilo) a diferentes tipos de aminoácidos (glicina, alanina, valina, isoleucina, fenilalanina, tirosina, serina, treonina y ácidos aspártico y antranílico). Las estructuras de los compuestos preparados se confirmaron por los espectros de infrarrojo, de masa, resonancia magnética nuclear de protones y análisis elemental. Se determinaron la tensión superficial, el punto de Kraft, el poder espumante, la concentración micelar crítica en emulsión y las estabilidades de Ca++. También se estudiaron la actividad antimicrobiana y la biodegradabilidad. PALABRAS-CLAVE: Actividad antimicrobiana -Biodegradabilidad -Tensioactivos anfóteros. SUMMARY Amphoteric surfactants containing α-hydroxy ester group and an amino acid residueA series of amphoteric surfactants containing α-hydroxy ester group and an amino acid residue were prepared with the addition of epoxy derivatives (which were prepared from epoxidation of alkyl methacrylate) to different types of amino acids (glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, serine, threonine, aspartic and anthranilic acid). The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by infrared spectra, proton magnetic resonance spectra, Mass spectra and elementary analysis. Surface tension, Kraft point, foaming power, critical micelle concentration emulsion and Ca ++ stabilities were determined. Antimicrobial activity and biodegradability were also screened.

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Amphoteric surfactants from mixed N‐alkylethylenediamine

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric studies on the amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropylbetaine

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric studies on the amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropylbetaine

New amphoteric surfactants containing a 2‐hydroxyalkyl group: I preparation and properties of N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐N‐(2‐hydroxyalkyl)‐β‐alanines

Amphoteric surfactants containing ?-hydroxy ester group and an amino acid residue

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