An aerial view of 80 years of climate-related glacier fluctuations in southeast Greenland

Bjørk, Anders A.; Kjær, Kurt H.; Korsgaard, Niels J.; Khan, Shfaqat Abbas; Kjeldsen, Kristian K.; Andresen, Camilla S.; Box, Jason E.; Larsen, Nicolaj K.; Funder, Svend

doi:10.1038/ngeo1481

Cited by 205 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…1) as also found in changes in glacial extents in Greenland (Bjørk et al, 2012). Unlike in Greenland, the NH temperature during the last decade (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) was the warmest for the observed period (Fig.…”

Section: Greenland Temperature Anomalymentioning

confidence: 61%

On the origin of multidecadal to centennial Greenland temperature anomalies over the past 800 yr

et al. 2013

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The surface temperature of the Greenland ice sheet is among the most important climate variables for assessing how climate change may impact human societies due to its association with sea level rise. However, the causes of multidecadal-to-centennial temperature changes in Greenland temperatures are not well understood, largely owing to short observational records. To examine these, we calculated the Greenland temperature anomalies (GTA_[G-NH]) over the past 800 yr by subtracting the standardized northern hemispheric (NH) temperature from the standardized Greenland temperature. This decomposes the Greenland temperature variation into background climate (NH); polar amplification; and regional variability (GTA_[G-NH]). The central Greenland polar amplification factor as expressed by the variance ratio Greenland/NH is 2.6 over the past 161 yr, and 3.3–4.2 over the past 800 yr. The GTA_[G-NH] explains 31–35% of the variation of Greenland temperature in the multidecadal-to-centennial time scale over the past 800 yr. We found that the GTA_[G-NH] has been influenced by solar-induced changes in atmospheric circulation patterns such as those produced by the North Atlantic Oscillation/Arctic Oscillation (NAO/AO). Climate modeling and proxy temperature records indicate that the anomaly is also likely linked to solar-paced changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and associated changes in northward oceanic heat transport

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Section: Greenland Temperature Anomalymentioning

confidence: 61%

On the origin of multidecadal to centennial Greenland temperature anomalies over the past 800 yr

et al. 2013

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“…For the Greenland and glaciers correction we consider the same global mass correction as in Part I but we distribute it uniformly over the southern part of Greenland (below 708N) as several studies suggest that this is the main region where climate models differ from observations (Marzeion et al 2014a;Box et al 2009;Bjørk et al 2012) and then determine the regional sea level fingerprint. Note that the exact position of the mass correction does not have to be known as the sea level fingerprints are significantly sensitive to the exact region of mass loss only in the near field.…”

Section: ) In Australia and New Zealandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Model Simulations of Twentieth-Century Sea-Level Rise. Part II: Regional Sea-Level Changes

et al. 2017

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Twentieth-century regional sea level changes are estimated from 12 climate models from phase 5 of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The output of the CMIP5 climate model simulations was used to calculate the global and regional sea level changes associated with dynamic sea level, atmospheric loading, glacier mass changes, and ice sheet surface mass balance contributions. The contribution from groundwater depletion, reservoir storage, and dynamic ice sheet mass changes are estimated from observations as they are not simulated by climate models. All contributions are summed, including the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) contribution, and compared to observational estimates from 27 tide gauge records over the twentieth century . A general agreement is found between the simulated sea level and tide gauge records in terms of interannual to multidecadal variability over 1900-2015. But climate models tend to systematically underestimate the observed sea level trends, particularly in the first half of the twentieth century. The corrections based on attributable biases between observations and models that have been identified in Part I of this two-part paper result in an improved explanation of the spatial variability in observed sea level trends by climate models. Climate models show that the spatial variability in sea level trends observed by tide gauge records is dominated by the GIA contribution and the steric contribution over 1900-2015. Climate models also show that it is important to include all contributions to sea level changes as they cause significant local deviations; note, for example, the groundwater depletion around India, which is responsible for the low twentieth-century sea level rise in the region.

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“…• Bjork et al (2012) used data gathered by the seventh Thule Expedition (Gabel-Jorgensen, 1935, 1940, which surveyed the southeast coast of Greenland in 1932Greenland in -1933, comparing the data with later aerial photographs and satellite images in order to study glacial behavior between 1932 and 2010. The terminus regions of 132 glaciers along more than 600 km of the southeast Greenland coastline were included in the study.…”

Section: Other Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations: Cryosphere

2014

Climate Change 2013 – The Physical Science Basis

143

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An aerial view of 80 years of climate-related glacier fluctuations in southeast Greenland

Cited by 205 publications

References 36 publications

On the origin of multidecadal to centennial Greenland temperature anomalies over the past 800 yr

On the origin of multidecadal to centennial Greenland temperature anomalies over the past 800 yr

Evaluating Model Simulations of Twentieth-Century Sea-Level Rise. Part II: Regional Sea-Level Changes

Observations: Cryosphere

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