An algebraic method to reconstruct the relative phases and polarization of a complex vector in N dimensions based on 3(N-1) amplitude measurements

Nguyen, D.

doi:10.1109/19.119776

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We use an algebraic method [8], [9] for the reconstruction of the relative phases. The method is based on the determination of n magnitudes of components in a n-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system and at least 2n − 3 additional amplitude measurements in different directions.…”

Section: Theory Of the Polarization Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Let B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 be the magnitudes of X in three additional directions specified by the unit vectors N 1 , N 2 , and N 3 . [8] and [9] show that the additional magnitudes B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 obtained by rotating the measurement probe through other arbitrary angles cannot lead to a unique reconstruction of the relative phases. But when B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 are determined in the directions (1, 1, 0), (1, 0, 1), and (0, 1, 1) with respect to the Cartesian coordinate system, then a unique reconstruction is obtained.…”

Section: Theory Of the Polarization Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, six magnitude measurements are performed with the SA at each measurement position. Then the electric field amplitude of each component is derived using (4) and the relative phases are extracted using the methods of [8] and [9]. Finally, the extracted field using the SA is compared with the true field measured with the NWA.…”

Section: Comparison Parameters For True and Measured Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When a SA is used, only power measurements are possible. Therefore, we use the algebraic method of [8] and [9] for the reconstruction of the relative phases, which offers substantial reduction in computational time over methods that use nonlinear optimization [10]. These nonlinear optimization methods are too slow for real-time application because they are based on iterative schemes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These nonlinear optimization methods are too slow for real-time application because they are based on iterative schemes. By determining six magnitudes, the relative phases can be obtained [8], [9]. Up to now this method was only theoretically described and was not yet applied to electromagnetic field measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Reconstruction of the Polarization Ellipse of the EM Field of Telecommunication and Broadcast Antennas by a Fast and Low-Cost Measurement Method

Joseph

Verloock

Martens

2006

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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Abstract-A low-cost measurement method for the extraction of the relative phases of the field of base station and broadcast antennas is presented. Our purpose is to determine the polarization of the field at a measurement site using magnitude measurements only. By determining six amplitude components using a spectrum analyzer, the polarization ellipse of the field can be obtained. This low-cost method can be used for outdoor measurements, which is not possible with network analyzers. Using this method and thus knowing the polarization of the incident field we are able to determine more accurately the actual electromagnetic power absorbed in people at a measurement site.Index Terms-Base station antenna, electromagnetic field, measurement, measurement probe, phase extraction, polarization, specific absorption rate (SAR), telecommunication and broadcast antenna.

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Section: Theory Of the Polarization Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theory Of the Polarization Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Parameters For True and Measured Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Reconstruction of the Polarization Ellipse of the EM Field of Telecommunication and Broadcast Antennas by a Fast and Low-Cost Measurement Method

Joseph

Verloock

Martens

2006

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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Silicon Nanowires Driving Miniaturization of Microelectromechanical Systems Physical Sensors: A Review

et al. 2023

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The miniaturization of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) physical sensors is driven by global connectivity needs and is closely linked to emerging digital technologies and the Internet of Things. Strong technical advantages of miniaturization such as improved sensitivity, functionality, and power consumption are accompanied by significant economic benefits due to semiconductor manufacturing. Hence, the trend to produce smaller sensors and their driving force resemble very much those of the miniaturization of integrated circuits (ICs) as described by Moore's law. In this respect, with its IC‐, and MEMS‐compatibility, and scalability, the silicon nanowire is frequently employed in frontier research as the sensor building block replacing conventional sensors. The integration of the silicon nanowire with MEMS has thus generated a multiscale hybrid architecture, where the silicon nanowire serves as the piezoresistive transducer and MEMS provide an interface with external forces, such as inertial or magnetic. This approach has been reported for almost all physical sensor types over the last decade. These sensors are reviewed here with detailed classification. In each case, associated technological challenges and comparisons with conventional counterparts are provided. Future directions and opportunities are highlighted.

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Determining Antenna Polarization Using Amplitude-Only Measurements With Linear-Polarized Antenna in Three Positions

Zentner,

Bartolić,

Hrovat

2024

IEEE Access

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An algebraic method to reconstruct the relative phases and polarization of a complex vector in N dimensions based on 3(N-1) amplitude measurements

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Reconstruction of the Polarization Ellipse of the EM Field of Telecommunication and Broadcast Antennas by a Fast and Low-Cost Measurement Method

Reconstruction of the Polarization Ellipse of the EM Field of Telecommunication and Broadcast Antennas by a Fast and Low-Cost Measurement Method

Silicon Nanowires Driving Miniaturization of Microelectromechanical Systems Physical Sensors: A Review

Determining Antenna Polarization Using Amplitude-Only Measurements With Linear-Polarized Antenna in Three Positions

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