An All-Solid-State Li-Ion Battery with a Pre-Lithiated Si-Ti-Ni Alloy Anode

Abstract

In this paper we demonstrate an all-solid-state Li-ion battery with a specific energy of 225 mWh g−1 based upon the combined mass of both the composite anode and cathode. To realize this full cell, we pair an iron sulfide and sulfur composite cathode with a Si-based anode. The anode active material is a Si-Ti-Ni alloy with good ionic and electronic conductivity that attains a stable specific capacity of 400 mAh g−1 based upon the total mass of the composite anode. To our knowledge, this is the highest stable Si-based all-solid-state anode specific capacity reported to date. To utilize both a lithium free anode and cathode, we adopt a pre-lithiation technique involving stabilized lithium metal powder. This is the first time that this technique has been demonstrated in an all-solid-state battery.

Pre-Lithiation Strategies for Rechargeable Energy Storage Technologies: Concepts, Promises and Challenges

“…Finally, the enhanced Coulombic efficiency results in an increased specific capacity of full cells, e.g., the Coulombic efficiency of SiO electrodes can be increased from ≈48% to ≈90% and, as a result, this full cell shows a remarkably enhanced reversible capacity of ≈110 mAh g −1 even after 100 cycles in comparison to a pristine cell which starts at a capacity of ≈80 mAh g −1 and drops down to ≈50 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles [33]. SLMP can also be used inside all-solid-state LIBs as shown by Yersak et al [82]. Therefore, they incorporated SLMP into a Si-Ti-Ni composite negative electrode powder prior to cell fabrication and combined this negative electrode with a high capacity FeS+S positive electrode.…”

Review of Hybrid Ion Capacitors: From Aqueous to Lithium to Sodium

“…A potentially more scalable approach may be based on chemical (rather than electrochemical) charging through the direct reaction between the electrode material and lithium (sodium) metal while in the presence of an electrolyte. − Such reactions may be accelerated by milling the regents to achieve improved contact Figure B shows the prelithiated graphite electrode film obtained by this direct contact method in a pouch cell. , The major advantage of this approach is its elegant simplicity and the potential for scale-up.…”

Prelithiation: A Crucial Strategy for Boosting the Practical Application of Next-Generation Lithium Ion Battery

“…Similar to SLMP, organic-coated lithium powder has also been developed . SLMP could exhibit a prelithiation capacity of 3623 mAh g –1 , which could effectively prelithiate carbon and silicon anodes. , By adjusting the amount of addition, SLMP could partially prelithiate various anodes to compensate their initial irreversible capacity or completely prelithiate various anodes to match a nonlithiated cathode. ,, Moreover, SLMP could also be used to provide a lithium source for lithium-ion capacitors ,, and even could be applied to the prelithiation of all solid-state batteries …”

“…75,76,80 Moreover, SLMP could also be used to provide a lithium source for lithium-ion capacitors 31,81,82 and even could be applied to the prelithiation of all solid-state batteries. 83 However, SLMP is unstable in the common solvents (i.e., Nmethylpyrrolidinone (NMP), dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethylacetamide (DMA)) for poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) binder and water solvent for carboxy methylcellulose−styrene butadiene rubber (CMC-SBR) or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) binders, which is incompatible with the current state-of-the-art electrode preparation process. 76 Usually, SLMP is added to the anode by spraying or dropping SLMP dispersion in hydrocarbons or some ethers onto the anode surface, and then a pressure-activated process ruptures the Li 2 CO 3 passivated shell of SLMP (Figure 4b 1 ,b 2 ) for prelithiation.…”