An alternative method of endotracheal intubation of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Abstract

Endotracheal intubation was carried out in 11 common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). A commercially available tilting stand and a Miller laryngoscope blade were used to visualize the larynx. Anaesthesia was induced with alphaxalone (10.6 + 1.6 mg/ kg intramuscularly, followed by 3.2 + 1.2 mg/kg intravenously). The diameter of the proximal trachea easily fitted an endotracheal tube made from readily available material (a 12 G 'over the needle' catheter). Once the tip of the endotracheal tube was at the level of the vocal folds, the tube had to be gently rotated through a 1808 angle in order to pass through the larynx into the trachea. Assessment of the dimensions of the larynx and trachea, and comparison with external anatomical features of the animals (n ¼ 10) showed that the length of the trachea could be predicted by multiplying the craniosacral length of the marmoset by a factor of 0.42.

Clinical efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in cats

“…Despite the fact that there are no known published studies about the IM use of the newer alfaxalone formulation administered as a sole anaesthetic agent in cats, some studies reported clinical effects with alfaxalone ranging from good sedation to anaesthesia in different species of mammals (Thomas et al. ; Santos González et al. ; Giral et al.…”

“…Recently, the IM administration of alfaxalone, alone or in combination with other drugs, has also been described in a number of species (Thomas et al. ; Hansen & Bertelsen ; Santos González et al. ) including cats (Grubb et al.…”

“…Early studies describing the effects of combinations of medetomidine and ketamine showed that medetomidine enhanced the duration of anaesthesia and the degree of analgesia, and reduced the requirements of ketamine in comparison to the sole use of ketamine in cats (Verstegen et al 1989(Verstegen et al , 1990(Verstegen et al , 1991. Recently, the IM administration of alfaxalone, alone or in combination with other drugs, has also been described in a number of species (Thomas et al 2012;Hansen & Bertelsen 2013;Santos Gonz alez et al 2013) including cats (Grubb et al 2013;Ribas et al 2015).…”

Comparison of three different sedative-anaesthetic protocols (ketamine, ketamine-medetomidine and alphaxalone) in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

“…The drug dosages were chosen according to institute-wide practices and published references [37,38]. Our experience with the used protocols show that they were sufficient for minor invasive procedures, such as blood collection from the femoral vein, tuberculin testing, wound care, and radiography (data not shown).…”

Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia

“…Visualization of the larynx is relatively straightforward using an appropriately-sized curved or straight blade, and for small primates, rodent intubation equipment can be used (Thomas et al, 2012b). Visualization of the larynx is relatively straightforward using an appropriately-sized curved or straight blade, and for small primates, rodent intubation equipment can be used (Thomas et al, 2012b).…”